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GIT Embryo Flashcards

1
Q

The foregut extend from the _____ to ____

A

Buccopharyngeal membrane to swptum transversum

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2
Q

The midgut extend from the _____ to ____

A

Vitelline tube and yolk sac

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3
Q

The hindgut extend from the _____ to ____

A

Allontoic diverticulum extends to cloacal membrane

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4
Q

The foregut is divided into? Namely

A

3
1st part– pharynx = paired branchial arches
2nd part– thoracic= respiratory bud and oesophagus
3rd part– abdominal= passes the septum transversum and forms abdominal part of oesophagus, stomach, half of the duodenum

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5
Q

____ supplies the yolk sac and forms a plexus around the gut,
And develops into the arterial supply of the abdominal gut?

A

Vitelline arteries

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6
Q

_____ supplies the arteries of the gut

A

Dorsal aorta

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7
Q

____ is the main artery from which the foregut, midgut and hindgut are supplied

A

Vitelline artery

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8
Q

What branches of the vitelline artery supplies
Foregut, midgut and hindgut

A

Coeliac aixis-forgut(in septum transversum)
Superior mescentric artery (supplies midgut)
Inferior mescentric artery (hindgut)

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9
Q

The splanchnic secondary mesoderm forms

A

Smooth muscles and CT

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10
Q

The GIT is formed from ______

A

The incorporation of the dorsal part of the yolk sec into the embryo due to head, tail and lateral fold

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11
Q

The foregut extends from____ to _____

A

Pharynx to middle 2nd part of the duodenum

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12
Q

The midgut extends from____ to _____

A

2nd half of the duodenum to junction btw medial 2/3 and lateral 1/3 of the transverse colon

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13
Q

The hindgut extends from____ to _____

A

Medial 2/3 or lateral 1/3 downwards

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14
Q

What are the derivative of the foregut?

A

Pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, 1st and half of the 2nd part of the duodenum, liver, gall bladder, spleen, pancreas, respiratory system

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15
Q

What are the derivative of the midgut?

A

(Half of the 2nd part of the )3rd,4th duodenum, jujenum, ileum, appendix, caecum, ascending colon, right colic flexture, medial 2/3 of the transverse colon

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16
Q

What are the derivative of the hindgut?

A

Left 1/3 of the transverse colon, left colic flexture, decending colon, segmoid colon, rectum, upper1/2 of anal canal, primitive urogenital derivatives

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17
Q

@_____ week the respiratory diverticulum appears @ ____ wall of the foregut?

A

4 week
Ventral wall

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18
Q

The oesophagus develops from the ____ part of the respiratory diverticulum

A

Posterior part
The oesophagus is first short the elongates

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19
Q

What are the conginal defects of the oesophagus?

A

Tracheo-oesophageal fistula— non separation between the oesophagus and the trachea
Oesophagial atresia– due to failure to recanlize
Oesophagial stenosis— due to incomplete recanalization

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20
Q

What are the stages of oesophagial development?

A

Elongation- 2nd month
Recanlization- 3rd month columnar Epithelium
Differentiation– 4th month stratified squamous Epithelium
Induction–
Trans differentiation– smooth muscle to skeletal @ 2/3 of the oesophagus

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21
Q

From week ___ to ___ the stomach grows in all directions and become sac like
And the lesser and greater curvature forms @___ week
Achieve its characteristic shape @____ week

A

4th to 8th
5th
8th

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22
Q

In the stomach,
The foregut forms___, ___&____
Splanchnic mesoderm forms___, ___&___
Neural crest forms ____&____

A

For– epithelium, gastric pit, gastric gland
Span Meso– CT, smooth muscle, blood vessels
Neural C– automatic nerve plexus, sub mucosal and myenteric

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23
Q

The stomach appears as fusiform dialation of the forgut @____ week

24
Q

@ stomach development
The left vagus nerve becomes _____
And right vagus N becomes ____

A

Ant. Gastric N
Pst. Gastric N

25
In stomach development The pyloric end moves to the ____ and cardiac end move to ____ due to ____
Right Left Development of the Liver
26
The stomach muscle develops @ ___ week The gastric gland development @ _____ time Rennin starts functioning @ ____ time?
8-9 weeks Gland-3rd month Rennin- 5th month
27
Differentiation of the stomach occur between ___ and ___ Chief and parietal cells forms @ ____ to ___ weeks Glands becomes fully functional @ ____ to ___ time
2nd and 3rd month 10-20 weeks 8-9th month
28
The stomach develops in ____ and has both ____ and ____ mesentery
Septum transversum Dorsal amd ventral mesentery
29
The spleen develops in _____ The liver develops in______
Spleen-- dorsal mesentery Liver-- ventral mesentery
30
The stomach undergoes 90degree rotation @ ___ weeks
5th
31
The duodenum is derived from?
Terminal end of the foregut and proximal end of the midgut
32
The duodenum receives blood from?
Forgut(colic artery) and midgut(superior mesentery)
33
The duodenum becomes C shaped due to ___ growth? The duodenum rotates_____
Differential growth 90degrees to the right
34
The duodenum losses it's mesentery and becomes a ___ organ
Secondary retro- peritoneal
35
____ gives rise to the liver and pancreatic buds
duodenum @ the distal foregut
36
Hepatic buds develops @ ____
Ventral border of the foregut (duodenum)
37
The hepatic bud forms ____ and ____ Which turns into
Par hepatica (liver) and par cystica (gall bladder & cystic duct )
38
The par hepatica divides I to 2 enters the Septum transversum and forms
Hepatic duct Liver cells Epithelial lining of bile canulliculi
39
Septum transversum forms
Falcuform ligament, lesser omentum, liver capsule
40
The pancreas develops from the___&___pancreatic bud from the ____ of the DUODENUM
Dorsal and ventral buds Endoderm of the duodenum
41
____ forms the body and tail of the panvreas ____ forms the head of the pancreas
Dorsal Ventral
42
The main pancreatic duct is formed by? Accessory pancreatic duct is formed by?
Distal duct of the dorsal pancreatic bud and ventral duct of the pancreatic bud Proximal duct of the dorsal pancreatic bud
43
The mid gut communicate with the yolk sac through
Vitelline duct
44
Midgut herniation occurs@___ week Midgut retraction occurs@___ week Midgut rotation occurs@___ week
Her--week 6( midgut loop elongates and abdominal cavity becomes small and part of d intestine herniate) Retra-- week 10 ( abdominal cavity becomes enlarged and the herniated intestine becomes normal) Rota-- 2 parts = week 6( 90 anticlockwise rotation caecum shift to left), week10 180 anticlockwise rotation caecum positioned normally)
45
Atresias of the the duodenum causes?
Incomplete recanlization
46
Atresias of the the juodenum, ileum, colon causes?
Arterial occlusion unlike duodenum
47
Clockwise rotation of the gut causes?
Situs inversus
48
Volvulus
The rotation of the loop around the superior mesenteric artery
49
Distal 1/3 of the transverse colon, decending colon and sigmoid colon arises from?
Cranial end of the hindgut
50
The Essenteric nervous system is made up of?
Myenteric( auerbach) and sub mucosal plexus
51
The myenteric NS lies between____ and ____ Used in parasltatic movements(eg stomach) Regulates?
Circular and longitudinal muscle Motility
52
Sub mucosal plexus lies between _____ And regulates?
circular and muscularis mucosa Electrolytes and water transport Gland secretion Blood flow
53
____ separate the hindgut from the allantouis
Urogenital septum
54
Urogenital setum if formed from?
It's formed from the mesoderm in the junction between the yolk sac and connecting stalk
55
The urogenital saptum has 2 folds namely?
Superior, midline fold of the Tournuex And paired lateral Rathke fold
56
@ ____ week the anal opening is closed @___ week the anal opening is recanalyzed
8th week 9th week
57
The terminal board of the anal canal is of ___ origin? And is supplied by ____ artery
Ectoderm Inferior rectal artery

Anatomy (7 decks)

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