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Anatomy > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Between inter and extra peritoneal organ which is moveable?

A

Intra
Extra is less movable or immobile

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2
Q

Sub peritoneal organs are located @

A

In the lesser pelvis

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3
Q

In males the peritoneal Cavity Pc is ____ and in females its____

A

Is closed
In females it communicates with the external environment through the uterine tube, uterus and vagina

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4
Q

_____ ensures mobility of of organs

A

Mesentery

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5
Q

Greater omentum decends from?
Lesser omentum connects?

A

Decends from greater curvature of the stomach and initial portion of pars superior duodeni and assend back to attach to transverse colon
Lesser omentum connects lesser curvature and and initial portion par of superior duodeni

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6
Q

_____ divides the peritoneal cavity into____ namely?

A

Mesocolon transversum
3
1) Supracolic compartment– btw diaphragm and mesocolon transversum
2) infracolic compartment– btw mesocolon transversum and linea terminalis
3) pelvic compartment– below linea terminalis in pelvic cavity

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7
Q

Supracolic compartment includes what organs?

A

Oesophagus – intraperitoneal
Stomach–intraperitoneal
Liver— intraperitoneal
Gall bladder— intraperitoneal
Spleen — intraperitoneal

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8
Q

Peritoneal structures in the supracolic compartment is?

A

Lig.triangulare
Lig. Coronarium hepatis
Lig. Falsiform hepatis
Omentum minus and magnus

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9
Q

Organs of the infracolic compartment includes?

A

Small intestine
Large intestine

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10
Q

What part of the small intestine has peyers patches in the lymphoid tissues

A

Illium

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11
Q

What part of the small intestine has narrower, thinner and less vascular

A

Ilium

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12
Q

Is the ascending&decending colon pre peritoneal or retro peritoneal?

A

Retro peritoneal

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13
Q

Sigmoid colon is also called?

A

Pelvic colon

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14
Q

____ is the largest gland of the body?

A

Liver

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15
Q

The liver is relating with?

A

Stomach, duodenum, right kidney, right colonic flexure

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16
Q

The head of the pancreas is in ____
It’s tail reaches the _____

A

Concavity of the duodenum
Spleen

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17
Q

The spleen lies @ ____region?
Btw the ____ and ____ @____
It’s suspended from the stomach by?
It’s suspended from the pst abdomen by

A

Hypochondriac region
Gastric fundus and diaphragm
@T9-T10
Gastrolienal ligament
Lienorenal ligament

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18
Q

The contents/structure of the spermatic cord?

A

3A– Testicular, cremastric, artery to vas deference
3V– Testicular, cremastric and pampiniform flexus of veins
3N– sympathetic, ilioinguinal, genital branch of genitofemoral N
3 fascias– external( 4rm external oblique), internal(fascia transversalis) and cremastric(internal oblique)

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19
Q

Transport of sperm from ______ to urethra is done by ?

A

Epididymis
Vas de ference

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20
Q

Testicular aorta is located @_____ vertebrae? Defending from ____ part of abdominal wall?
And supplies

A

L2
Posterior
Testis and epididymis

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21
Q

The testicular vein plexus is called?

A

Pampiniform plexus

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22
Q

The pampiniform plexus is drained into?

A

Left Renal vein

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23
Q

Genital branch of the genitofemoral N has a root of?
And supplies what muscle?

A

L1 &L2
Cremastric muscle

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24
Q

____ in the fetus is responsible for the formation of inguinal canal?
And what can it’s remain after birth cause?

A

Processus Vaginalis
Indirect hernia

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25
Q

What’s inguinal hernia?

A

Inguinal hernia is the protrusion of part of the abdominal content (intestine) beyond the normal confines of the abdominal wall( into the inguinal canal)

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26
Q

What type of hernia is most common?

A

Indirect inguinal hernia

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27
Q

What indirect inguinal hernia?

A

It’s a congenital hernia that’s due to the remains of processus Vaginalis which passes through to superficial ring and block the inguinal canal
Direct inguinal hernia doesn’t pass through it forms a bulge @ the posterior inguinal canal

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28
Q

Between the right and left testis which is more subseptible to indirect inguinal hernia?

A

Right

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29
Q

What’s the difference between direct and indirect inguinal hernia?

A

Direct– Old men, hernia appears when the patient cough, usually bilateral, can’t go all the way to superficial ring, hemispherical
Indirect– In children, hernia doesn’t when the patient cough, usually unilateral, may go all the way to superficial ring, oval in shape

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30
Q

The scrotum consists of

A

Testis, epididymis, lower end of spermatic cord

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31
Q

____ cover the anterior, medial and lateral part of the testis?

A

Tunica Vaginalis

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32
Q

_____ is the lower end part of processus Vaginalis?

A

Tunica Vaginalis

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33
Q

the scrotum is made up of?

A

Skin, Tunica dartos,

34
Q

Left testis usually lies @ a lower level than right
T or F

A

T

35
Q

Sperm production occurs @

A

Seminiferous tubule

36
Q

Androgen in the testis is the produced by?

A

Interstitial cell

37
Q

The site of sperm maturation is?

A

Epididymis

38
Q

The sperm carrying tube is?

A

Vas de ference

39
Q

What’s the N supply to the testis?

A

Autonomic N– sympathetic fibre runs along testicular artery, Afferent sensory N
Genital branch of the genitofemoral N– cremastric muscle
Scrotum— ilioinguinal N

40
Q

What’s Varicocele?

A

Veins in pampiniform plexus elongate and dialate
Common in left testis

41
Q

What’s hypercoele
Causes?

A

Accumulation of fluid @ tunica Vaginalis
Inflammation, idiopathic

42
Q

What’s cryptorchidism?
And maldescent?

A

Cryptorchidism is the incomplete decend of the test through the right path
Maldescent is the abnormal decent of the testis through the wrong pathway

43
Q

The peritoneal cavity is divided into

A

Greater and lesser sac

44
Q

Greater sac is divided into

A

Supracolic and infracolic compartment

45
Q

The transversalis fascia lines ___ muscle continues to ___, ___&____ and contribute to _____

A

Transversus abdominal muscle
Continues to diaphragm, iliac muscle & pelvis fascia
Contribute to femoral sheath

46
Q

Extra peritoneal fascia is a thin layer of CT and adipose tissue between___&____

A

Peritoneum and fascia transversalis

47
Q

What are the layers of the ant. Abdominal wall

A

Skin,
Superficial fascia
Deep fascia
Muscular layer
Transversalis fascia
Extra peritoneal fascia
Parietal peritoneum

48
Q

In superficial fascia
Above the umbilicus __ layer
Below it _____ layer

A

One layer
2 layer–
Casper’s fascia(fatty superficial layer) – Dartos muscle in male
Scrape’s fascia(dense Membranous layer)

49
Q

In superficial fascia the Membranous layer in scrotum is called?

A

Colle’s fascia

50
Q

Attachment of Scarpa’s fascia
Inf.
Sides.
Pst.

A

Inf. Fascia lata
Sides. Pubic arch
Pst. Perineal body

51
Q

The dorsal body cavity includes ___&___
Ventral body cavity includes ___&___

A

Cranial and ventral body cavity
Thoracic , abdominal and pelvic cavity

52
Q

The true abdominal cavity is divided from ___ to ____

A

Diaphragm to linea terminalis

53
Q

Rectus sheath is a long fibrous sheath made mainly by

A

The aponeurosis of the lateral 3 abdominal muscle

54
Q

What are the contents of the rectus sheath

A

Rectus abdominal muscle
Pyramidalis
Ant. Rami of lower 6 thoracic N
Sup. & Inf. Epigastric vessels
Lymphatic vessels

55
Q

Description of the rectus sheath is considered what levels

A

Above the costal margin
Btw the costal margin & @ the level of the ant. Superior iliac spine
Btw the level of ant. Superior iliac spine & ant. Wall of the pubis

56
Q

The aponeurosis of the internal oblique is
The aponeurosis of the external oblique is directed
The aponeurosis of the transversus is directed

A

Internal– splites to enclose the rectus muscle
External– directed in front of the muscle
Transversus – directed behind the muscle

57
Q

Btw the level of ant. Superior iliac spine & pubis
@ ant. Wall___ happens
Pst. Wall

A

Ant. Aponeurosis of all the muscles form
Pst. Wall is absent and the rectus muscle lies in contact with fascia transversalis
i.e the pst.wall isn’t attached to the rectus abdominis muscle while the ant.wall attach to it by tendinous intersections

58
Q

What’s linea semi circularis? Or arcuate line

A

It’s a crescent shaped line marking the inferior limit of the pst. layer of the rectus sheath just below the level of iliac crest

59
Q

The deep inguinal ring is an oval opening @

A

Fascia transversalis

60
Q

The margins of the deep inguinal ring gives attachment to?

A

Internal spermatic fascia

61
Q

The appears as a defect in _____
And lies

A

The aponeurosis of the external oblique
Immediately above and medial to the public tubercle

62
Q

The margins of the superficial inguinal ring (med.&lat crus) gives attachment to?

A

External spermatic fascia

63
Q

The ant.wall of inguinal canal is formed by

A

Aponeurosis of external oblique

64
Q

The ant.wall of inguinal canal is reinforced @ ____ by___&&

A

Lat. 3rd by d origin of internal oblique from inguinal lig.

65
Q

The pst.wall of inguinal canal is formed by?

A

Fascia transveesalis

66
Q

The pst. Wall of inguinal canal is reinforced @____ by?

A

Medial 3rd by conjoint tendon of insertions of internal oblique & transversus attached to pubic crest and pectineal line

67
Q

The inferior wall of the inguinal canal at its inferior end is formed by___ & at it’s medial end by ____

A

Inguinal lig.
Lacunar lig.

68
Q

The superior wall of the inguinal canal is formed by?

A

The arching lowest fibers of internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscle

69
Q

Pectineal ligament is the continuation if the lacunar lig.

A
70
Q

What is the function of inguinal canal

A

Male to and fro
Female allows round lig. Of the uterus from the uterus to the labium majus

71
Q

Content of inguinal canal

A

Spermatic cord and it’s content
Round lig. In females
Genital branch of genitofemoral N
Iliofemoral N enters through pst. Wall

72
Q

Border of inguinal triangle

A

Mid border- lateral margin of rectus sheath called linear semilunaris
Sup.lateral- inferior epigastric vessels
Inf. Inguinal lig.

73
Q

The spermatic cord begins @

A

Deep inguinal ring & end @ testis

74
Q

External spermatic fascia is derived from?
Internal spermatic fascia is derived from?
Cremasteric fascia is derived from?

A

External oblique aponeurosis attached to superficial inguinal ring
Int. Traversalis fascia attached to deep inguinal ring
Cre. Internal oblique muscle

75
Q

Testicular artery is a branch of aortic aorta @
And desends through

A

L2
Pst. Abdominal wall

76
Q

Testicular vein drains into ____

A

Left renal vein– inferior vena cava

77
Q

Autonomic nerves

A

Sympathetic fiber from renal or aortic sympathetic plexus
Afferent sensory N

78
Q

Genital branch of genitofemoral N is from ____ root
And supplies

A

L1-L2
Supplies cremastric muscles

79
Q

Membranous layer in scrotum os known as

A

Colle’s fascia

80
Q

Rupture of penile urethra leads to urine in

A

Scrotum, perineum, penis, abdomen

Anatomy (7 decks)

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