Respi Flashcards

1
Q

It is the process of supplying the body with oxygen and removing carbon dioxide.

A

Respiration

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2
Q

It refers to prolonging, amplifying, or modifying a sound by vibration.

A

Resonance

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3
Q

A specialized organ at the entrance of the respiratory system that consists of a visible external portion and an internal portion inside the skull called the nasal cavity.

A

Nose

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4
Q

They are the two openings on the external nose.

A

External nares or nostrils

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5
Q

It is also known as the throat.

A

Pharynx

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6
Q

It is also known as the voice box.

A

Larynx

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7
Q

What tonsil is located on the nasopharynx region of the pharynx?

A

Pharyngeal tonsil

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8
Q

The palatine and lingual tonsils are found in which region of the pharynx?

A

Oropharynx

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9
Q

Which of the paired cartilages in the larynx are the most important?

A

The arytenoid cartilages because they influence changes in position and tension of the vocal folds (true vocal cords for speech).

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10
Q

The thyroid cartilage is also known as?

A

Adam’s apple

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11
Q

It is a large, lead-shaped piece of elastic cartilage covered with epithelium that moves up and down like a trap door.

A

Epiglottis

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12
Q

What cartilage is the landmark for making an emergency airway called a tracheotomy?

A

Cricoid cartilage

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13
Q

What sound characteristic is controlled by the tension on the vocal folds?

A

Pitch

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14
Q

It is also known as the windpipe; a tubular passageway for air that is located anterior to the esophagus.

A

Trachea

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15
Q

In the trachea, how many are the incomplete, horizontal rings of hyaline cartilage that resemble the letter C?

A

16-20

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16
Q

What is the internal ridge where the trachea divides into right and left main bronchi?

A

Carina

17
Q

They are paired cone-shaped organs in the thoracic cavity.

A

Lungs

18
Q

Both lungs have an oblique fissure, but the right lung also has another fissure called?

A

Horizontal fissure

19
Q

What is the difference between the lobes of the right and left lungs?

A

Left lung has two (2) lobes (superior and inferior), while right lung has three (3) lobes (superior, middle, and inferior).

20
Q

It lowers the surface tension of alveolar fluid.

A

Surfactant

21
Q

They are the only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated blood.

A

Pulmonary arteries

22
Q

What is the most important muscle of inhalation?

A

Diaphragm

23
Q

1 atmosphere is equal to how many mmHg?

A

760 mmHg

24
Q

It is the law that states the inverse relationship between volume and pressure.

A

Boyle’s law

25
Q

It refers to how much effort is required to stretch the lungs and chest wall.

A

Compliance

26
Q

What is the term for the normal pattern of quiet breathing?

A

Eupnea

27
Q

Lung Volumes

A

Tidal Volume: volume of one breath (about 500mL)
Anatomic Dead Space: the conducting airways with air that does not undergo respiratory exchange (same mL as the ideal weight in pounds)
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV): additional inhaled air (about 3100mL in males, 1900 in females)
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV): additional exhaled air 9about 1200mL in males, 700mL in females)

28
Q

Lung Volumes

A

Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1): air volume that can be exhaled from the lungs in 1 second with maximal effort after a maximal inhalation
Residual Volume (RV): air remains in the lungs (about 1200mL in males, 1100 in females)
Minimal Volume: air remaining that determines whether a baby is born dead (stillbirth) or dead after birth

29
Q

Amounts of air that can be measured directly by using a spirometer.

A

Lung Volume

30
Q

Amounts of air which are combinations of different lung volumes.

A

Lung capacities

31
Q

Also called “pulmonary gas exchange”; the diffusion of oxygen from the alveoli to blood, and CO2 from blood to alveoli

A

External respiration

32
Q

Also called “systemic gas exchange”; the exchange of O2 and CO2 between systemic capillaries and tissue cells.

A

Internal respiration