Respi Flashcards
It is the process of supplying the body with oxygen and removing carbon dioxide.
Respiration
It refers to prolonging, amplifying, or modifying a sound by vibration.
Resonance
A specialized organ at the entrance of the respiratory system that consists of a visible external portion and an internal portion inside the skull called the nasal cavity.
Nose
They are the two openings on the external nose.
External nares or nostrils
It is also known as the throat.
Pharynx
It is also known as the voice box.
Larynx
What tonsil is located on the nasopharynx region of the pharynx?
Pharyngeal tonsil
The palatine and lingual tonsils are found in which region of the pharynx?
Oropharynx
Which of the paired cartilages in the larynx are the most important?
The arytenoid cartilages because they influence changes in position and tension of the vocal folds (true vocal cords for speech).
The thyroid cartilage is also known as?
Adam’s apple
It is a large, lead-shaped piece of elastic cartilage covered with epithelium that moves up and down like a trap door.
Epiglottis
What cartilage is the landmark for making an emergency airway called a tracheotomy?
Cricoid cartilage
What sound characteristic is controlled by the tension on the vocal folds?
Pitch
It is also known as the windpipe; a tubular passageway for air that is located anterior to the esophagus.
Trachea
In the trachea, how many are the incomplete, horizontal rings of hyaline cartilage that resemble the letter C?
16-20
What is the internal ridge where the trachea divides into right and left main bronchi?
Carina
They are paired cone-shaped organs in the thoracic cavity.
Lungs
Both lungs have an oblique fissure, but the right lung also has another fissure called?
Horizontal fissure
What is the difference between the lobes of the right and left lungs?
Left lung has two (2) lobes (superior and inferior), while right lung has three (3) lobes (superior, middle, and inferior).
It lowers the surface tension of alveolar fluid.
Surfactant
They are the only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated blood.
Pulmonary arteries
What is the most important muscle of inhalation?
Diaphragm
1 atmosphere is equal to how many mmHg?
760 mmHg
It is the law that states the inverse relationship between volume and pressure.
Boyle’s law
It refers to how much effort is required to stretch the lungs and chest wall.
Compliance
What is the term for the normal pattern of quiet breathing?
Eupnea
Lung Volumes
Tidal Volume: volume of one breath (about 500mL)
Anatomic Dead Space: the conducting airways with air that does not undergo respiratory exchange (same mL as the ideal weight in pounds)
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV): additional inhaled air (about 3100mL in males, 1900 in females)
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV): additional exhaled air 9about 1200mL in males, 700mL in females)
Lung Volumes
Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1): air volume that can be exhaled from the lungs in 1 second with maximal effort after a maximal inhalation
Residual Volume (RV): air remains in the lungs (about 1200mL in males, 1100 in females)
Minimal Volume: air remaining that determines whether a baby is born dead (stillbirth) or dead after birth
Amounts of air that can be measured directly by using a spirometer.
Lung Volume
Amounts of air which are combinations of different lung volumes.
Lung capacities
Also called “pulmonary gas exchange”; the diffusion of oxygen from the alveoli to blood, and CO2 from blood to alveoli
External respiration
Also called “systemic gas exchange”; the exchange of O2 and CO2 between systemic capillaries and tissue cells.
Internal respiration
