Nervous

Question 1

It is the basic unit of the nervous system.

Answer 1

Neurons

Question 2

The central nervous system includes the brain and?

Answer 2

The spinal cord

Question 3

The parasympathetic nervous system takes care of what activities?

Answer 3

“Rest and digest”; while sympathetic nervous system produce the “fight or flight” response

Question 4

It is any change in the environment that is strong enough to initiate an action potential.

Answer 4

Stimulus

Question 5

What is the elongated extension of a nerve cell for sending messages as electrical impulse?

Answer 5

Axon

Question 6

It is the site of communication between two neurons or between a neuron an an effector cell.

Answer 6

Synapse

Question 7

It is a molecule released from a synaptic vesicle that excites or inhibits another neuron, muscle fiber, or gland cell.

Answer 7

Neurotransmitter

Question 8

What restricts the movement of substances between the blood and interstitial fluid of the CNS?

Answer 8

Blood-brain barrier

Question 9

It is responsible for forming and maintaining the myelin sheath around CNS axons.

Answer 9

Oligodendrocytes

Question 10

It electrically insulates the axon of a neuron and increases the speed of nerve impulse conduction.

Answer 10

Myelin sheath

Question 11

What is a sequence of rapidly occurring events that decrease and reverse the membrane potential and then eventually restore it to the resting state?

Answer 11

Action potential (AP) or impulse

Question 12

What characteristic of an action potential is known as occurring completely or not occurring at all?

Answer 12

All-or-none principle

Question 13

These are the three (3) protective, connective tissue coverings that encircle the spinal cord and brain.

Answer 13

Meninges
layers: dura, arachnoid, pia

Question 14

A network of axons on both the left and right sides of the body.

Answer 14

Plexus

Question 15

It is a fast, involuntary, unplanned sequence of actions that occurs in response to a particular stimulus.

Answer 15

Reflex

Question 16

It is a clear, colorless liquid composed primarily of water that protects the brain and spinal cord from chemical and physical injuries.

Answer 16

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 17

It forms majority of CSF production.

Answer 17

Choroid plexuses

Question 18

Its primary function of is to evaluate how well movements initiated by motor areas in the cerebrum are actually being carried out.

Answer 18

Cerebellum

Question 19

It functions as the body’s thermostat, which senses body temperature so that it is maintained at a desired point.

Answer 19

Hypothalamus

Question 20

It is the “seat of intelligence”

Answer 20

Cerebrum

Question 21

The area of the brain responsible for speaking/speech and understanding language.

Answer 21

Broca’s speech area

Question 22

The area of the brain that interprets the meaning of speech (comprehension) by recognizing spoken words.

Answer 22

Wernicke’s area

Question 23

Cranial Nerves

Answer 23

I - Olfactory (smell)
II - Optic (vision/sight)
III - Oculomotor
IV - Trochlear
V - Trigeminal
VI - Abducens
VII - Facial
VIII - Vestibulocochlear (hearing and equilibrium/balance)
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - Vagus
XI - Accessory
XII - Hypoglossal (movement of tongue; speech, swallowing)

Question 24

What is the e conscious or subconscious awareness of changes in the external or internal environment?

Answer 24

Sensation; while perception is the conscious interpretation of sensations

Question 25

It is the 24-hour cycle of sleeping and awakening.

Answer 25

Circadian rhythm

Question 26

Special Senses

Answer 26

Olfaction - smell
Gustation - taste
Vision - sight
Hearing

Question 27

What are the 5 primary tastes?

Answer 27

Salty - sodium
Sour - hydrogen ions
Sweet - sugars
Bitter - caffeine, morphine, quinine
Umami - amino acids; meaty or savory

Question 28

The part of the ear that is also called as the bony labyrinth.

Answer 28

Inner ear

Question 29

What are the three (3) smallest bones in the body that are located in the middle ear?

Answer 29

Malleus (Hammer)
Incus (Anvil)
Stapes (Stirrup)