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Respi Flashcards

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1
Q

Indication for Use of Antitussives

A) To reduce fever
B) To suppress coughing
C) To treat bacterial infections
D) To relieve nasal congestion

A

B) To suppress coughing

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2
Q
  1. Define Asthma
    A) A condition characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways, leading to breathing difficulties.
    B) A bacterial infection in the
    lungs.
    C) A temporary blockage of the airways due to a foreign object.
    D) A cardiovascular disease affecting the heart.
A

A) A condition characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways, leading to breathing difficulties.

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3
Q

Which statement correctly differentiates the mechanisms of action between direct stimulation and reflex stimulation by expectorants?
A) Direct stimulation increases fluid production in the respiratory tract by acting on the GI tract, while reflex stimulation works by directly targeting the secretory glands.
B) Both direct and reflex stimulation decrease the production of respiratory tract fluids to alleviate symptoms.
C) Direct stimulation targets the secretory glands to increase respiratory tract fluid production, whereas reflex stimulation causes irritation of the GI tract, leading to thinner mucus.
D) Reflex stimulation increases the production of mucus by direct action on the respiratory tract, while direct stimulation works by inducing a systemic immune response.

A

C) Direct stimulation targets the secretory glands to increase respiratory tract fluid production, whereas reflex stimulation causes irritation of the GI tract, leading to thinner mucus.

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4
Q

Give 1 Common Side Effect of Non-Selective Beta Agonist
* A) Hypotension
* B) Tachycardia
* C) Constipation
* D) Dry mouth

A

B) Tachycardia

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5
Q
  1. What is the Indication for Anti-tussives?
    • A) To treat bacterial infections
    • B) To suppress coughing
    • C) To relieve nasal congestion
    • D) To reduce fever
A

B) To suppress coughing

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6
Q
  1. What is the Difference Between Omeprazole and Ranitidine?
    • A) Omeprazole is an antacid, while Ranitidine is a proton pump inhibitor.
    • B) Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor, while Ranitidine is an H2 receptor antagonist.
    • C) Both are antibiotics used to treat stomach ulcers.
    • D) Both are antacids used to neutralize stomach acid.
A

B) Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor, while Ranitidine is an H2 receptor antagonist.

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7
Q

1 Example of Xanthine Derivative

A) Albuterol
B) Ipratropium
C) Theophylline
D) Montelukast

A

C) Theophylline

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7
Q
  1. What is the Mode of Action of Bismuth?
    • A) It neutralizes stomach acid.
    • B) It coats the ulcer base and protects it from acid.
    • C) It inhibits the production of stomach acid.
    • D) It stimulates the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract.
A

B) It coats the ulcer base and protects it from acid.

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8
Q

MOA of Nasal Decongestants

A) Suppressing the immune system
B) Constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages
C) Increasing mucus production
D) Dilating the bronchial tubes

A

B) Constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages

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9
Q

Enzyme That Increases cAMP

A) Protease
B) Lipase
C) Adenylyl cyclase
D) Lactase

A

C) Adenylyl cyclase

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10
Q

What is Asthma?

A) A digestive disorder
B) A chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction
C) A type of allergic reaction
D) A cardiovascular disease

A

B) A chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction

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11
Q

Muscarinic Receptor in the Respiratory Tract

A) M1
B) M2
C) M3
D) M4

A

C) M3

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12
Q

Give 1 Example of a Reliever

A) Fluticasone
B) Montelukast
C) Salbutamol
D) Theophylline

A

C) Salbutamol

SABA- Salbutamol/Terbutaline
Antimuscarinic-Ipratropium/ Tiotropium
Xanthine- Theo/ Aminophylline

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13
Q

9-11. Give 3 Examples of Controllers

A) Salbutamol, Ipratropium, Theophylline
B) Inhaled corticosteroids, Long-Acting Beta Agonists, Leukotriene receptor antagonists
C) Antitussives, Antacids, Antibiotics
D) Diuretics, ACE inhibitors, Beta-blockers

A

B) Inhaled corticosteroids, Long-Acting Beta Agonists, Leukotriene receptor antagonists

Dexamethasone
Formoterol
Montelukast

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14
Q

DOC for Acute Anaphylaxis/Hypersensitivity rxn

A) Ibuprofen
B) Epinephrine
C) Acetaminophen
D) Amoxicillin

A

B) Epinephrine/ Isoprenaline

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15
Q

Example of SABA (Short-Acting Beta Agonist)

A) Salmeterol
B) Fluticasone
C) Salbutamol
D) Montelukast

A

C) Salbutamol/Terbutaline

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16
Q

Example of LABA (Long-Acting Beta Agonist)

A) Salbutamol
B) Formoterol
C) Albuterol
D) Ipratropium

A

B) Formoterol/Salmeterol

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17
Q

Classification of Ipratropium Bromide

A) Anticholinergic bronchodilator
B) Beta-blocker
C) Corticosteroid
D) Leukotriene receptor antagonist

A

A) Anticholinergic/ Antimuscarinic bronchodilator

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18
Q

MOA of Theophylline

A) Inhibits phosphodiesterase, increasing cAMP
B) Blocks leukotriene receptors
C) Stabilizes mast cells
D) Acts as a corticosteroid

A

A) Inhibits phosphodiesterase, increasing cAMP

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19
Q

Use of Cromolyn

A) Treatment of bacterial infections
B) Prophylactic treatment in asthma
C) Pain relief
D) Lowering blood pressure

A

B) Prophylactic treatment in asthma

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20
Q

Classification of Zafirlukast

A) Beta agonist
B) Corticosteroid
C) Leukotriene receptor antagonist
D) Anticholinergic

A

C) Leukotriene receptor antagonist

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21
Q

Use of Nedocromil

A) Treating hypertension
B) Mast cell stabilization in asthma treatment
C) Reducing cholesterol levels
D) Treating bacterial infections

A

B) Mast cell stabilization in asthma treatment

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22
Q

MAB Against IgE

A) Adalimumab
B) Infliximab
C) Omalizumab
D) Rituximab

A

C) Omalizumab

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23
Q

For numbers 1-5 Mode of action

A. inhibit secretion
B. prevent contact
C. neutralize acid

  1. Omeprazole
  2. Sucralfate
  3. Al(OH)3
  4. CaCO3
  5. Ipratropium
A

A. Inhibit Secretion
Omeprazole (PPI)
Ipratropium (Muscarinic Anta).

B. Prevent Contact
Sucralfate

C. Neutralize Acid (Antacids)
Al(OH)3
CaCO3

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24
6. Target of opioid in cough suppression * A. Medulla В. Hypothalamus C. Lung D. Diaphragm
A. Medulla
25
7. Mode of action of non opioids A. Suppress the cough reflex by numbing the stretch receptors in the respiratory tract B. Suppress the cough reflex by direct action on the cough center in the medulla C. Preventing the cough reflex from being stimulated D. Reduce viscosity of secretions E. A and C F. B and C
E. A and C
26
For numbers 8-17 Drugs for cough A. Expectorant B. Antitussive 8. Suppress the cough reflex by direct action on the cough center in the medulla 9. Suppress the cough reflex by numbing the stretch receptors in the respiratory tract 10. preventing the cough reflex from being stimulated 11. used for non-productive cough 12. Benzonatate and Dextromethorphan 13. aid in the removal of mucus 14. Reduce the viscosity of secretions 15. Disintegrate and thin secretions 16. Acts by direct or reflex stimulation 17. The secretory glands are stimulated directly to increase their production of respiratory tract fluids.
A. Expectorant 13. aid in the removal of mucus 14. Reduce the viscosity of secretions 15. Disintegrate and thin secretions 16. Acts by direct or reflex stimulation 17. The secretory glands are stimulated directly to increase their production of respiratory tract fluids. B. Antitussive 8. Suppress the cough reflex by direct action on the cough center in the medulla 9. Suppress the cough reflex by numbing the stretch receptors in the respiratory tract 10. preventing the cough reflex from being stimulated 11. used for non-productive cough 12. Benzonatate and Dextromethorphan
27
18. Anti-asthma drug with low therapeutic index A. Albuterol В. Theophylline C. Formoterol D. Ipratropium bromide
В. Theophylline Methyxanthines: Theophylline Aminophylline
28
19. selective, reversible antagonists of cysteinyl leukotrienereceptors (CysLT1receptors) A. Cromolyn B. Tiotropium C. Montelukast D. Salbutamol
C. Montelukast
29
20. Short acting subcutaneous Beta 2 agonist A. Salbutamol B. Formoterol C. Terbutaline D. Zafirlukast
C. Terbutaline Salbutamol- IV Terbutaline-SubQ
30
21. The systemic effect of nasal congestant is due to A. muscarinic stimulation of heart, lungs and blood vessels B. nicotinic stimulation of heart, lungs and blood vessels C. adrenergic stimulation of heart, lungs and blood vessels D. cholinergic stimulation of heart, lungs and blood vessels
C. adrenergic stimulation of heart, lungs and blood vessels
31
For numbers 22-24 MOST... A. SABA B. Aminophylline C. Inhaled corticosteroid 22. Most effective anti inflammatory medication for persistent asthma 23. Most effective in inhibiting bronchospasm 24. Most effective xanthine inhibitor
22. Most effective anti inflammatory medication for persistent asthma C. Inhaled corticosteroid 23. Most effective in inhibiting bronchospasm A. SABA 24. Most effective xanthine inhibitor B. Aminophylline
32
25. Leukotriene inhibitor used for aspirin induced asthma A. Zileuton and Zafirlukast B. Beclomethasone and Zileuton C. Salbutamol And Zafirlukast D. Cromolyn and Zileuton
A. Zileuton and Zafirlukast
33
26. Prevents LTD4 action A. Zafirlukast B. Zileuton C. Aminophylline D. Terbutaline
A. Zafirlukast
34
27. Monoclonal Antibody A. Zafirlukast B. Aminophylline C. Ritodrine D. Omalizumab
D. Omalizumab
35
28. Alter function of delayed chloride channel in Cell membrane A. Zafirlukast B. Chromones C. Beclamethasone D. Ipratropium
B. Chromones Mast Cell stabilizers -Na cromoglycate/nedocromil
36
29. Inhibit phosphodiesterase, increases cAMP and cGMP A. Terbutaline B. Theophylline C. Cromolyn D. Mepolizumab
B. Theophylline/ Aminophylline
37
30. Safest of all anti asthma agents A. Cromolyn B. Zafirlukast C. Omalizumab D. Theophylline
A. Cromolyn
38
31. Antibiotics that are specifically used for COPD to reduce the number of exacerbation A. Chrloramphenicol B. Imipenem C. Azithromycin D. Fluoroquinolone
C. Azithromycin
39
32. Receptor for Respiratory smooth muscles A. M1 B. M2 C. M3
C. M3
40
33. Non selective beta agonist A. Sabutamol B. Terbutaline C. Epinephrine D. Salmeterol
C. Epinephrine
41
34. TRUE about EPINEPHRINE A. weak bronchodilator B. Maximum effect is within 2 hours C. duration is 60-90 mins D. ADR is bradycardia
C. duration is 60-90 mins
42
35. TRUE about SABA A. low lipid solubility B. given via IV C. duration is 3 hours D. used for nocturnal asthma
B. given via IV
43
36. Which of the following are parts of TRIPLE THERAPY for H.pylori infection A. Amoxicillin B. Clarithromycin C. Lansoprazole D. A and C E. A, B and C
E. A, B and C Lansoprazole + Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin
44
For numbers 37-41. Which is TRUE about ERYTHROMYCIN A. TRUE B. FALSE 37. Motilin agonist 38. Mu Agonist 39. Protein Synthesis Inhibitor 40. Antacid 41. Stimulates gastric emptying
A. TRUE 37. Motilin agonist 39. Protein Synthesis Inhibitor 41. Stimulates gastric emptying B. FALSE 38. Mu Agonist 40. Antacid
45
42. Which of the following causes constipation? A. Baking soda B. Magnesium hydroxide C. Aluminum hydroxide D. Calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide
C. Aluminum hydroxide
46
43. The following are included in quadruple therapy in PUD, EXCEPT A. Bismuth B. Sucralfate C. Omeprazole D. Lansoprazole
B. Sucralfate Bismuth Metronidazole Tetracycline Omeprazole/ Lansoprazole
47
44. Side effects of aluminum hydroxide, EXCEPT A. hypophosphatemia B. Osteodystrophy C. blurring of vision D. dementia
C. blurring of vision Al(OH)3 -Constipation -Hypophosphatemia -Osteodystrophy -Dementia
48
45. The following are actions of BISMUTH, EXCEPT A. Decreases recurrence of ulcer in the stomach B. Antidiarrheal C. Antibacterial D. Antiemetic
D. Antiemetic
49
For numbers 46-49. Strategies in GI protection A. Neutralize Acid B. Prevent contact C. Inhibit secretion 46. Omeprazole 47. Prostaglandin 48. Sucralfate 49. Magnesium hydroxide
C. Inhibit secretion -Omeprazole -Prostaglandin B. Prevent contact -Sucralfate A. Neutralize Acid -Mg(OH)2
50
50. 5HT3 antagonist, and anti emetic A. Metaclopramide B. Ondansetron C. Meclizine D. Scopolamine
B. Ondansetron
51
51. The following are contraindicated to PPI, EXCEPT * A. Fluoroquinolone B. Ketoconazole C. Clarithromycin D. A and B
C. Clarithromycin
52
52. Docusate A. Water retaining B. Detergent, stool softener C. Directly stimulate intestinal wall D. Increase intraluminal pressure
B. Detergent, stool softener
53
53. Drugs that act on both CNS and enteric nerves A. Morphine and codeine B. Morphine and Loperamide C. Codeine and Diphenoxylate D. Diphenoxylate and Loperamide
A. Morphine and codeine
54
54. Drug for H.pylori that is also cytoprotective and inhibits proteolytic, and urease activities A. Sucralfate B. Misoprostol C. Pirenzepine D. Bismuth
D. Bismuth
55
55. Cytoprotective PGE1 analog that increases mucus and bicarbonate secretion A. Sucralfate B. Misoprostol C. Pirenzepine D. Bismuth
B. Misoprostol
56
56. Polymerizes on GI luminal surface to form protective gel like coating of ulcer beds A. Sucralfate B. Misoprostol C. Pirenzepine D. Bismuth
A. Sucralfate
57
57. Which of the following causes belching/gas? A. Baking soda B. Magnesium hydroxide C. Aluminum hydroxide D. Calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide
A. Baking soda
58
58. The following are ICS/LABA combination, EXCEPT A. Fluticasone/Formoterol B. Budesonide/Formoterol C. Ketoconazole/Salmeterol D. Fluticasone/Salmeterol
C. Ketoconazole/Salmeterol Inhaled Corticosteroids -Dexamethasone -Fluticasone -Budesonide LABA -Salmeterol -Formoterol
59
59. H2 blocker with 100% bioavailability * A. Cimetidine B. Nizatidine C. Ranitidine D. Famotidine
B. Nizatidine
60
60. Cimetidine increases the effect of the following, EXCEPT A. Quinidine B. Warfarin C. Imipramine D. Cefuroxime
D. Cefuroxime Cimetidine is the major inhibitor of cytochrome P450 isoforms Increase effects of quinidine, phenytoin, TCA (Imipramine), warfarin (Inc. Bleeding) Decrease androgen → gynecomastia, decreased libido
61
61. The following has no effect on gastric emptying time A. Cimetidine B. Aluminum hydroxide C. Sodium bicarbonate
A. Cimetidine B. H2 BLOCKERS (-TIDINE) ● Cimetidine, Ranitidine (Zantac), Famotidine (Pepcid), Nizatidine (Axid) ● No effect in gastric emptying time

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