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Resources Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a resource?

A

a stock or supply of something valuable and useful
all humans need resources - food, energy and water

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1
Q

What is malnourishment?

A

Where you don’t get enough food (calories) to be healthy

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2
Q

What is undernutrition?

A

a poorly balanced diet lacking vitamins and minerals

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3
Q

without access to nutritious food what happens?

A

.malnourished
.increase likely hood of getting disease
.1/3 of under 5’s die from diseases from malnourishment
. economic impact
as malnourishment stops you from working
.harms yours and your country’s wellbeing

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3
Q

what is the WHO?

A

world health organisation
connects nations, partners and people to promote health, keep the world safe and serve the vulnerable

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4
Q

what continent has the highest % of malnourishment?

A

AFRICA

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5
Q

What continents have less than 5% malnourishment?

A

North America
Oceania
Europe

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6
Q

What country has over 35% malnourishment?

A

Mozambique

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7
Q

What happens when you don’t have clean water?

A

.diseases like Cholera come
.which can kill
.these have economic impacts
.walk to get clean water
.so your spending less time working
.so you earn less money
.harm country’s economic well-being

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7
Q

What is physical water shortages?

A

not having enough rainfall in the country
suffer from droughts

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8
Q

How are economic reasons linked to water shortages?

A

don’t have enough money to build the infrastructure
like reservoirs to maintain water
or enough money to extract water

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9
Q

what is UK water footprint per person/day

A

3,400 litres

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9
Q

what is Bangladesh water footprint per person/day

A

2,100 litres

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10
Q

access to energy,
SOCIAL impacts without electricity

A

you’d have to burn wood
which releases harmful fumes
causes respiratory problems

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11
Q

access to energy,
ENVIRONMETNAL impacts without electricity

A

releases greenhouse gases
increases climate change

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11
Q

access to energy
ECONOMIC impacts without electricity

A

struggle to attracts industries
prevents development
prevents people getting jobs
which stops the country from getting wealthier

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12
Q

Between 1970 and 2012 how much did the global energy consumption increase by?

A

150%

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13
Q

What is globalisation?

A

process creating a more connected world increasing in global movements of goods (trade) and people

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14
Q

Opportunities of supplying food to the UK?

A

.farmers can supply food locally - open an farm shop
.Organic producers
.International relations are improved (from importing food)

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15
Q

challenges of supplying food in UK?

A

.demand for wider variety of food (food that need to be imported)
.population increase
.reduce price of food as imported from poorer countries
.UK climate cant produce all foods
.if produce locally have to match prices of imported foods - but then less profit

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16
Q

What factors impact UK farmers wheat crops?

A

.Rain
crops fall in rain, can’t be used - waste of time and money
.amount of fertiliser used

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17
Q

How did UK farmers increase there crop output?

A

.dwarf wheat
it’s shorter therefore doesn’t fall down in the rain
.cutting down bushes
more field and land to grow more crops

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18
Q

What is an agribusiness?

A

intensive farming aimed at maximising the amount of food produced

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18
Q

Largest global wheat producers are?

A

Russia, Ukraine, Canada, USA

19
Q

What is organic produce?

A

growing crops without the use of chemicals
-local and seasonally grown

19
Q

Why is there an increase demand for organic foods?

A

.NO artificial pesticides and fertilisers
.better for health

19
Q

What does area of water deficit mean?

A

areas which do not have enough water to meet the demand of the population

20
Q

What does area of water surplus mean?

A

areas where there is more water than is needed to meet the demands of the population

21
Q

What is water stress?

A

serious water deficit

22
Q

What is energy mix?

A

range and proportion of different energy sources used for electricity generation

23
Q

What is bioenergy?

A

burning wood pellets to generate electricity

24
Q

environmental impacts of fracking

A

.pollution - contaminates drinking water
.low-level earthquakes

24
Q

What is fracking?

A

the process of extracting natural gas from shale rock layers deep within the earth.

25
Q

Why are people concerned about fracking?

A

.possibility of earthquakes (magnitude 3)
.pollution of undergoing water sources
.high costs of extraction

25
Q

Economic impacts of fracking?

A

.more jobs
.extraction us costly
.earthquakes cause damage which is expensive to fix

25
Q

Areas in UK under consideration for fracking?

A

.central Scotland
.South Wales
.South England
.North east England

26
Q

What is food insecurity?

A

occurs when a country cannot supply enough food to feed its population

27
Q

What is famine?

A

widespread shortage of food causing malnutrition, starvation, death

28
Q

What is undernutrition?

A

lack of balanced diet and deficiency of minerals and vitamins.
not enough calories even if there is enough food

29
Q

What is soil erosion?

A

removal of fertile top soil layers by wind and water

30
Q

What is soil erosion caused by?

A

.Overgrazing (decrease vegetation leaving soil exposed)

.Crops (use up nutrients)

.Deforestation (farming decreases trees which increases surface run off)

31
Q

What happens without enough food?

A

become malnourished
makes you ill
prevent you from working or receiving education

32
Q

advantages of agribusinesses?

A

.intensive farming maximises amount of food produced
.using machinery which increases the farms efficiency

33
Q

disadvantages of agribusiness?

A

.only employs a small number of workers
.chemicals used on farms damages the habitats and wildlife

34
Q

What are ways to increase food supply?

A

hydroponics
aeroponics
new green revolution
biotechnology
irrigation

35
Q

What is the new green revolution?

A

aim to improve yields in a more sustainable way
uses GM crops, traditional and organic farming

36
Q

What are hydroponics?

A

method of growing plants without soil - use a nutrient solution

37
Q

What is biotechnology?

A

GM crops changes the DNA of foods to enhance productivity and properties

38
Q

What is Irrigation?

A

artificially watering the land so crops can grow. useful in dry areas to make crops more productive

39
Q

What is permaculture?

A

people growing there own food and changing eating habits. fewer resources are required

39
Q

What is organic farming?

A

banned use of chemicals and ensuring animals are raised naturally

40
Q

What is urban farming?

A

planting crops in urban areas
roundabouts
DETROIT USA

41
Q

what is managed fishing?

A

includes setting catch limits, banning trawling and promoting pole and line methods

42
Q

Sustainable ways to increase food supply?

A

organic farming
permaculture
urban farming
managed fishing

43
Q

What is the Indus basin irrigation system?

A

large scale scheme
consisting of dams, canals and reservoir’s
keeps water flowing preventing flooding

44
Q

disadvantages of Indus Basin IS?

A

.few take an unfair share of water
.water is wasted and demand is rising due to population growth
.high cost to maintain reservoirs

44
Q

advantages of Indus basin IS?

A

.improves food security by adding 40% more land for farming
.increases yield and range of foods
.reservoirs are home to fish farms - providing jobs - providing protein for local families

45
Q

What is small scale case study - Makueni?

A

KENYA
Sand dams to capture water which would otherwise be lost as surface runoff. Kenya’s sand dams are cost-effective

46
Q

How do the sand dams work? (Makueni, Kenya)

A

Sand dams store water in the rainy season under a layer of sand.
Water gets stuck amongst the sand particles, creating a layer of trapped water.
In the summer, when other water sources dry up, the water is still stored under the sand.
Local people can access the water through wells or taps, giving them drinking water in the hottest and driest part of the year.

Geography (10 decks)

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