Resources Flashcards
What is a resource?
a stock or supply of something valuable and useful
all humans need resources - food, energy and water
What is malnourishment?
Where you don’t get enough food (calories) to be healthy
What is undernutrition?
a poorly balanced diet lacking vitamins and minerals
without access to nutritious food what happens?
.malnourished
.increase likely hood of getting disease
.1/3 of under 5’s die from diseases from malnourishment
. economic impact
as malnourishment stops you from working
.harms yours and your country’s wellbeing
what is the WHO?
world health organisation
connects nations, partners and people to promote health, keep the world safe and serve the vulnerable
what continent has the highest % of malnourishment?
AFRICA
What continents have less than 5% malnourishment?
North America
Oceania
Europe
What country has over 35% malnourishment?
Mozambique
What happens when you don’t have clean water?
.diseases like Cholera come
.which can kill
.these have economic impacts
.walk to get clean water
.so your spending less time working
.so you earn less money
.harm country’s economic well-being
What is physical water shortages?
not having enough rainfall in the country
suffer from droughts
How are economic reasons linked to water shortages?
don’t have enough money to build the infrastructure
like reservoirs to maintain water
or enough money to extract water
what is UK water footprint per person/day
3,400 litres
what is Bangladesh water footprint per person/day
2,100 litres
access to energy,
SOCIAL impacts without electricity
you’d have to burn wood
which releases harmful fumes
causes respiratory problems
access to energy,
ENVIRONMETNAL impacts without electricity
releases greenhouse gases
increases climate change
access to energy
ECONOMIC impacts without electricity
struggle to attracts industries
prevents development
prevents people getting jobs
which stops the country from getting wealthier
Between 1970 and 2012 how much did the global energy consumption increase by?
150%
What is globalisation?
process creating a more connected world increasing in global movements of goods (trade) and people
Opportunities of supplying food to the UK?
.farmers can supply food locally - open an farm shop
.Organic producers
.International relations are improved (from importing food)
challenges of supplying food in UK?
.demand for wider variety of food (food that need to be imported)
.population increase
.reduce price of food as imported from poorer countries
.UK climate cant produce all foods
.if produce locally have to match prices of imported foods - but then less profit
What factors impact UK farmers wheat crops?
.Rain
crops fall in rain, can’t be used - waste of time and money
.amount of fertiliser used
How did UK farmers increase there crop output?
.dwarf wheat
it’s shorter therefore doesn’t fall down in the rain
.cutting down bushes
more field and land to grow more crops
What is an agribusiness?
intensive farming aimed at maximising the amount of food produced
Largest global wheat producers are?
Russia, Ukraine, Canada, USA
What is organic produce?
growing crops without the use of chemicals
-local and seasonally grown
Why is there an increase demand for organic foods?
.NO artificial pesticides and fertilisers
.better for health
What does area of water deficit mean?
areas which do not have enough water to meet the demand of the population
What does area of water surplus mean?
areas where there is more water than is needed to meet the demands of the population
What is water stress?
serious water deficit
What is energy mix?
range and proportion of different energy sources used for electricity generation
What is bioenergy?
burning wood pellets to generate electricity
environmental impacts of fracking
.pollution - contaminates drinking water
.low-level earthquakes
What is fracking?
the process of extracting natural gas from shale rock layers deep within the earth.
Why are people concerned about fracking?
.possibility of earthquakes (magnitude 3)
.pollution of undergoing water sources
.high costs of extraction
Economic impacts of fracking?
.more jobs
.extraction us costly
.earthquakes cause damage which is expensive to fix
Areas in UK under consideration for fracking?
.central Scotland
.South Wales
.South England
.North east England
What is food insecurity?
occurs when a country cannot supply enough food to feed its population
What is famine?
widespread shortage of food causing malnutrition, starvation, death
What is undernutrition?
lack of balanced diet and deficiency of minerals and vitamins.
not enough calories even if there is enough food
What is soil erosion?
removal of fertile top soil layers by wind and water
What is soil erosion caused by?
.Overgrazing (decrease vegetation leaving soil exposed)
.Crops (use up nutrients)
.Deforestation (farming decreases trees which increases surface run off)
What happens without enough food?
become malnourished
makes you ill
prevent you from working or receiving education
advantages of agribusinesses?
.intensive farming maximises amount of food produced
.using machinery which increases the farms efficiency
disadvantages of agribusiness?
.only employs a small number of workers
.chemicals used on farms damages the habitats and wildlife
What are ways to increase food supply?
hydroponics
aeroponics
new green revolution
biotechnology
irrigation
What is the new green revolution?
aim to improve yields in a more sustainable way
uses GM crops, traditional and organic farming
What are hydroponics?
method of growing plants without soil - use a nutrient solution
What is biotechnology?
GM crops changes the DNA of foods to enhance productivity and properties
What is Irrigation?
artificially watering the land so crops can grow. useful in dry areas to make crops more productive
What is permaculture?
people growing there own food and changing eating habits. fewer resources are required
What is organic farming?
banned use of chemicals and ensuring animals are raised naturally
What is urban farming?
planting crops in urban areas
roundabouts
DETROIT USA
what is managed fishing?
includes setting catch limits, banning trawling and promoting pole and line methods
Sustainable ways to increase food supply?
organic farming
permaculture
urban farming
managed fishing
What is the Indus basin irrigation system?
large scale scheme
consisting of dams, canals and reservoir’s
keeps water flowing preventing flooding
disadvantages of Indus Basin IS?
.few take an unfair share of water
.water is wasted and demand is rising due to population growth
.high cost to maintain reservoirs
advantages of Indus basin IS?
.improves food security by adding 40% more land for farming
.increases yield and range of foods
.reservoirs are home to fish farms - providing jobs - providing protein for local families
What is small scale case study - Makueni?
KENYA
Sand dams to capture water which would otherwise be lost as surface runoff. Kenya’s sand dams are cost-effective
How do the sand dams work? (Makueni, Kenya)
Sand dams store water in the rainy season under a layer of sand.
Water gets stuck amongst the sand particles, creating a layer of trapped water.
In the summer, when other water sources dry up, the water is still stored under the sand.
Local people can access the water through wells or taps, giving them drinking water in the hottest and driest part of the year.
