Resource Management Flashcards
5 reasons energy is important to wellbeing
Used to cook (food)
Used to shower (good hygiene)
Used for entertainment e.g TVs (good mental health)
Used in schools/ factories (to learn and boost economy)
Used by emergency services transport (save lives)
4 reasons why water is important to our wellbeing
Used for agriculture (irrigation of crops- jobs and food security)
Used for drinking (stay hydrated)
Used for good hygiene and sanitation (prevent spread of waterborne diseases like cholera reducing illness)
Used for cooking
2 reasons why food is important to our wellbeing
Too much/ too little causes health problems (obesity/ malnourishment)
Provides energy (for working and to study)
Give 4 impacts of water insecurity
Food production
Conflict
Waterborne diseases
Poor hygiene
How can water insecurity affect food production
Agriculture uses 70% of global water supply
Water insecurity means not enough water to irrigate crops causing crop failure/ poor harvests leading to food shortages and malnutrition
What % of global water supply does agriculture use
70%
Why can water insecurity lead to waterborne diseases
People cannot access safe drinking water, only option is to use contaminated water
What is water insecurity
Negative impact on life because of water
2 factors leading to greater use of water
Economic development
Increase in population
Give 1 key industry (clothes) that uses lots of water and explain why this increases water consumption
Cotton industry
As population increases more clothes need to be made so more water required to grow the cotton
Explain a few reasons why population growth leads to increased water consumption
More people use water for drinking and cleaning etc
More people need food so more crops need irrigating so more water used
Etc
4 reasons why demand for water in UK has increased
Population growth- more people require water
Factories and industries- more agriculture means more irrigation of crops required + more steam/ cooling systems used
Dishwashers and washing machines- more people can afford these and influenced by enhanced technology so people require water for them and more water required overall
Not turning taps off properly- wastes water
2 types of water scarcity
Physical
Economic
Compare economic and physical water scarcity
Both mean there is lack of water supply
Physical water scarcity is caused by climate (e.g lack of rainfall and very hot and dry)
Economic water scarcity is when people and government have lack of money for water infrastructure e.g for it to be cleaned and safe to drink or to be transferred to houses
6 factors affecting water availability
Climate
Geology
Pollution of water
Over-abstraction of source
Poverty
Limited infrastructure
What is an aquifer
Body of permeable rock that can contain/ transmit groundwater
What is the aim of agribusiness and give 1 reason why the population might be moving towards this
Aim= maximise amount of food produced (using machinery and fertilisers)
To meet demands of population especially as population increases and ensure food security
What is agribusiness
Large-scale Intensive farming that uses machinery and fertilisers aimed at maximising the amount of food produced (increases yield)
2 negative impacts on growth of agribusiness in UK
Less workers employed in farming due to greater use of machinery
Can harm biodiversity (e.g hedgerows removed to increase farm sizes which takes away habitats)
What is meant by food mile
Distance travelled by food from producer to consumer
2 reasons why organic food is becoming more popular
Environmental concerns
Health concerns (on using chemicals and pesticides)
What % of its food does the UK import
40%
True or false, water demand varies across the UK
True
South East and midlands have higher water demand due to increasing population and higher population density
What agreement did the UK sign in 2015
Paris Agreement
What year did the UK sign the Paris agreement
2015
Uk has a target of being ‘…’ by 2050
Net zero
What year is the UK aiming to be net zero by
2050
What is grey water
Recycled domestic waste water
Doesn’t contain harmful chemicals
Can be recycled in garden e.g watering plants
True or false, grey water contains harmful chemicals
False
environmental issue of wind energy source
Can kill birds
Economic disadvantage of solar energy
High initial cost
What is fracking
Using high pressure water mixture to drill down into earth and shatter shale rock to release natural gases and oil that can be piped from the surface
3 advantages of fracking
Improve energy security
Generate jobs
Less CO2 produced than coal power stations
3 disadvantages of fracking
Contaminates groundwater
Non renewable
Produces CO2
2 key industries that use lots of water: w… and c…
Wine
Cotton
How much water does the Great manmade river transport a day
6.5 million m cubed
Where is Libya located and why does this lease to physical water scarcity
North Africa, neighbouring countries include Chad and Egypt
Name of Aquifer in Libya that supplies source of water
Nubian sandstone aquifer
How much did the first stage of the Great Manmade river cost (stage 1 of 5)
$14 billion
Why is the Great Manmade river unsustainable
Source of water in aquifer will eventually run out
Where is most of Libyas population located
Along north coast e.g Trípoli (capital) and Benghazi
What is Libya’s climate like
Very dry, little precipitation (causes physical water scarcity)
True or false, the Great Manmade river provides water security
True
Why did the Great Manmade river cause conflict
Aquifer is also under Chad, Egypt and Sudan so they should get a share in the water but Libya took it all for itself
Where is the Wakel Basin project located
State of Rajasthan, northern India
Who arranged Wakel Basin Project
USAID
Why was the Wakel River Basin project needed
Issue of overabstarction as wells not regulated (locals lack education on importance of using water sources effectively)
Has very dry climate with lack of water supplies
Lack of wealth or knowledge to improve water supply
How do Taankas work
Underground storage system made from concrete, and can hold up to 50,000 litres
Simple/ cheap to build and maintain
How do pats work
Small dam (bund) diverts water from river to fields to irrigate crops
Needs regular maintenance
How do joheds work
Small earth dam to capture rainwater which raises water table to prevent river drying out
True or false, Libya is 90% desert
True
2 key reasons why Libya needed water transfer scheme
Physical water scarcity
Population growth
3 ways to sustainably manage water
Water conservation (turn off tap when brushing teeth etc)
Recycle grey water in garden
Groundwater management- e.g managing aquifers
Water stress vs deficit vs scarcity vs insecurity
Deficit- supply doesn’t meet demand
Stress- supply doesn’t meet demand at certain time e.g dry season
Scarcity = focus on lack of water supply
Insecurity- water situation has negative impact on quality of life
What are high value imports
Fresh foods we pay a high price for when out of season e.g mange tout from Kenya
