Resource Management Flashcards

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1
Q

What areas have a surplus of food

A

much of Europe, Asia, North + South America

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2
Q

Why might an area have a surplus of food?

A

moderate climate, fertile soils, advanced tech

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3
Q

What is it called when you don’t receive the basic nourishment required?

A

undernourishment or undernutrition

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4
Q

What areas are prone to water shortages and deficits?

A

Africa and Middle East

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5
Q

Is the UK an efficient producer of food?

A

yes - fertile soils, plenty of rainfall, mild temps, advanced tech

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6
Q

Does the UK have a sufficient water supply?

A

surplus in NW, deficit in SE - rarely an issue

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7
Q

Does the UK have sufficient energy supply?

A

large fossil fuel resources, several nuclear power plants, great potential for renewable due to appropriate climate

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8
Q

What are the changing Uk food demands?

A

organic produce, seasonal produce, local food

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9
Q

Why is there a demand for high-value food exports?

A

variety of produce in and out of season

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10
Q

Give 2 examples of high-value foods.

A

specialist honey or Madagascan vanilla

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11
Q

What are the positives of organic food?

A

fewer/ no pesticides, no fertilisers (less runoff), reduces disease in animals

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12
Q

What are the disadvantages of organic food?

A

expensive - farmers may have a lower yield (not all people can afford it)

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13
Q

Why has agribusiness become a trend?

A

increases yields, lowers costs - combining small farms into a large farm

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14
Q

What are the positives of local food?

A

creates jobs locally, sense of community, reduces pollution from food miles, products may have a higher nutritional value

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15
Q

What are the negatives of local food?

A

less variety (less cultural mix and diversity), difficult for those in cities, more expensive for consumers

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16
Q

How can we increase water supply nationally?

A

water transfer schemes, encourage people to conserve water, create reservoirs

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17
Q

How can we manage water quality in the UK?

A

green roofs and walls, pollution traps, waste water treatment, desalinisation plants

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18
Q

What are the advantages of fossil fuels?

A

creates jobs, reliable energy

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19
Q

What are the disadvantages of fossil fuels?

A

burning of fossil fuels release greenhouse gases, imported from other countries (e.g. Russia, gas)

20
Q

What are the advantages of renewables?

A

lower carbon emissions, offshore wind turbines can create habitats, jobs in research + development

21
Q

What are the disadvantages of renewables?

A

high set up cost, only suitable in some climates, can disturb wildlife

22
Q

Why is water important for well-being?

A

farming, industry, dispose waste, sustain life

23
Q

Why is energy important for well-being?

A

machinery (agriculture), domestically - electricity, heating, light

24
Q

Why is the global demand for food increasing?

A

-population growth
-economic development (more people with disposable income, more imports)

25
Q

What factors affect food supply?
PPCCTW

A

-poverty
-climate
-conflict
-technology
-water supply
-pests and diseases

26
Q

Example of poverty affecting food supply

A

South Sudan, Mali

27
Q

Example of climate affecting food supply

A

Bangladesh - salty soil due to sea level rise

28
Q

Example of conflict affecting food supply

A

Yemen - ongoing civil war

29
Q

What are the impacts of food insecurity?
FUSSP

A

-famine
-undernutrition
-soil erosion
-rising prices
-social unrest

30
Q

Example of social unrest due to food insecurity

A

Algeria 2011 (riot)

31
Q

What is the difference between undernutrition and malnutrition?

A

under - lack of calories (805 million people)
mal - lack of vitamins and minerals

32
Q

5 strategies to increase food supply
IAGBA

A

-irrigation
-aeroponics/ hydroponics
-the new green revolution
-biotechnology
-appropriate technology

33
Q

Large scale agricultural development case study

A

Almeria, Spain (South coast)

34
Q

How much of Europe’s fruit and veg does the Almeria greenhouses produce?

A

50%

35
Q

What are the benefits to Spain of the Almeria greenhouses?

A

-$1.5 billion annually
-more trading opportunities for out of season produce

36
Q

What are the challenges to Spain of the Almeria greenhouses?

A

-covers wide areas of land
-arid area
-plastic build up

37
Q

Why is the Almeria scheme so effective?

A

-average temp of 20C
-3,000 hours of sun per year
-immigrant labour is cheap

38
Q

3 ways to increase sustainable supply of food

A

-permaculture
-urban farming
-sustainable meat and fish

39
Q

How can food loss be reduced?(LIC)

A

investing in LIC areas that lack storage facilities - e.g. 76% of food loss in sub-Saharan Africa is during handling and storage

40
Q

How can food waste be reduced?

A

-plan weekly shop
-use leftovers
-buy wonky fruit and veg

41
Q

How does urban farming increase sustainability of food supply?

A

reduces food miles, smaller scale - e.g. green roofs, Middlesborough urban farming scheme

42
Q

How does permaculture increase sustainability of food supply?

A

agricultural systems that co-operate with nature - e.g. organic farming, eating seasonally

43
Q

Physical characteristics of Jamalpur

A

-low average rainfall
-low elevation
-flooding from Himalayas

44
Q

Human Characteristics of Jamalpur

A

-high population density
-65.5% of working population work in agriculture

45
Q

How is rice-fish agriculture effective?

A

-protects rice from flooding
-protects fish from predators
-fish provides nutrients (protein)
-increases income

46
Q

What were the impacts of the Jamalpur practical action?

A

-average household income increased by 4 times
-emigration decreased by 50%
-families had food for 3 meals a day