Changing Economic World: Overview + Nigeria Flashcards
Give 5 ways to measure development (development indicators)
- rate of disease
- literacy rates
- % access to healthcare
- infant mortality rate/ life expectancy
- % access to safe water
What is HDI?
Human Development Indicator
What does HDI consist of?
-life expectancy
-literacy rates
-GNI per capita
What are the 3 causes of uneven development?
- Historical
- Physical
- Economic
Cause of uneven development: Historical example
Colonies of European nations - resources extorted, only recently independent, civil wars (e.g. Rwanda)
Cause of uneven development: Physical example
Haiti - earthquake 2010, deforestation
Chad - landlocked, removal of ports for trading
Cause of uneven development: Economic example
reliance on single exports - Zambia (e.g. copper)
3 consequences of uneven development
inequalities in:
-health
-wealth
-global migration
7 strategies to reduce development gap
- investment by TNCs
- Industrial development
- Aid
- Intermediate technology
- Fairtrade
- Debt relief
- Microfinance loans
Investment by TNCs - how many countries has McDonalds invested in worldwide?
130 countries
Investment by TNCs - where are apple phones manufactured?
China
Industrial development - how does it help increase development?
-higher income in manufacturing sector
-people with more disposable income
-MULTIPLIER EFFECT
Aid - NGO example
Oxfam
Intermediate technology - what charity provides solar water pumps to Kenya?
Practical Action
Fairtrade - how many people across Africa benefit from fairtrade?
7 million
Fairtrade - Example: Coobana
-fairtrade bananas in Panama
-sold in UK’s co op
3 benefits of tourism for development in Tunisia
-longer life expectancy (4% of annual GSP goes into health sector)
-literacy rates increased by 13%
-increased job opportunities
3 challenges of tourism for development in Tunisia
-‘tourism kills tourism’
-fewer jobs for locals
-economic growth only concentrated in coastal areas
Where is Nigeria?
Western Africa - shares borders with Niger, Chad, Benin and Cameroon
What is the capital of Nigeria?
Abuja
Nigeria is ranked what in the largest global economies?
11th largest
International importance: what % of the world’s oil does Nigeria provide?
2.7%
Nigeria was a colony of…
Britain until 1960
What was land in Nigeria used for when it was colonised?
cash crops - e.g. palm oil
% people employed in agriculture in Nigeria has…
DECREASED
Why has the number of people employed in services in Nigeria increased?
modernised economy - more people employed in communications, retail, finance
