resource management Flashcards
significance of food
malnourishment, potentially limiting children’s development, increasing likelihood of illness
significance of water
without sanitation water becomes polluted by raw sewage causing water-borne disease
significance of energy
energy needed for industry and transport
allows or countries to develop industry creating jobs and wealth
consumption of resources HICs
consumption is greater as they can be afforded
consumption of resources NEEs
consumption increasing rapidly and industry is developing quickly
consumption of resources LICs
consumption is lower because they can’t afford to exploit available resources or import lacking resources
what types of produce is there a greater demand for in the UK
high value food
seasonal products
organic produce
what % of UKs greenhouse gas emissions in 2017 came from agriculture
10%
more food miles=
more CO2 produced
what is a carbon footprint
the amount of greenhouse gases produced whilst growing, packing ad transporting food
how are people avoiding high food miles
looking for local sources of food, such as farmer’s markets
what is agri-business
large-scale, industrial farming, controlled by large firms
why have farm sizes increased
small farms being taken over and field sizes increased so that food can be produced more cheaply
what has happened to the amount of chemicals used in food production
large quantities of artificial fertilisers and pesticides applied to crops, animals given special feed to encourage growth
how have the number of workers employed in agriculture fallen
1.1% of the UKs total employment , because of the greater use of machinery in planting and harvesting
in what areas of the uk is there a water surplus
north and west, high rainfall
in what areas of the uk is there a water deficit
south east and midlands, high population density
how much has the amount of water being used by households increased by since 1975
70%, more appliances that use lots of water
how does population density affect demand for water
plans of new homes in the south east, where there is already a water deficit will heighten the deficit
what is the problem with river water quality - 3
nitrates and phosphates from crop fertilisers are washed into rivers
pollutants from vehicles washed into water sources through surface runoff
chemical and oil spills from factories
what are the strategies to manage water quality
improving drainage systems and imposing regulations on the amount of pesticides used
how to manage the problem of supply and demand
transfer water from areas of surplus to areas of deficit
what issues are caused by water transfer - 3
dams and aqueducts are expensive to build
can affect wildlife that lives in the rivers
may cause political issues
by 1980 how much of the UKs energy was supplied by gas
22%
in 2014, how much of the UK energy was generated from renewable sources
19%
what are the biggest sources of renewable energy
wind and bioenergy
what is happening to the north sea oil and gas reserves
being used up and production has been declining
how is shale gas extracted from underground
fracking
economic issues caused by extracting fossil fuels - 4
expensive to extract and produce
cost to the consumer from renewable energy sources is high
money needed for research into alternative sources
uk has to pay to import energy from other countries
environmental issues caused by extracting fossil fuels - 5
releases greenhouse gases
fracking can pollute groundwater and cause earthquakes
oil spills leak toxic chemicals
natural ecosystems damaged by renewable energy generators
power stations and wind farms considered eye sores
