glacial

Question 1

how much of the uk was covered in ice 20,000 years ago

Answer 1

Scotland, Ireland and Wales, as far south as the Bristol Channel

Question 2

freeze-the weathering

Answer 2

water gets into the cracks in the rocks. The water freezes and expands putting pressure on the rock. The ice then thaws, releasing the pressure, this will weaken the rock, making it vulnerable

Question 3

abrasion

Answer 3

bits of rock stuck in the ice grind against the rock below the glacier wearing it away

Question 4

plucking

Answer 4

meltwater at the base, back or sides of a glacier freezes onto rock. As the glacier moves forward it pulls out pieces of rock

Question 5

rotational slip

Answer 5

the ice at the top of the glacier moves in a circular motion. this can erode hollows in the landscape and deepen them into bowl shapes

Question 6

bulldozing

Answer 6

when glaciers push loose material ahead of them, it is called bulldozing

Question 7

what is the material that glaciers move called

Answer 7

till

Question 8

landforms formed by erosion - 7

Answer 8

-corries
-aretes
-pyramidal peaks
-truncated spurs
-glacial troughs
-ribbon lakes
-hanging valleys

Question 9

arete formation

Answer 9

narrow, steep-sided ridge formed when 2 glaciers flow in parallel valleys. The glaciers erode the sides of the valleys, sharpening the ridge between them

Question 10

corries formation

Answer 10

start as hollows containing a small glacier. As rotational slip occurs, the hole is eroded into a steep-sided armchair shape with a lip at the bottom. When the ice melts, it leaves a tarn

Question 11

pyramidal peak formation

Answer 11

pointed mountain peak with t least 3 sides. It’s formed when 3 or more back-to-back glaciers erode a mountain

Question 12

truncated spurs formation

Answer 12

cliff-like edges on the valley side formed when ridges of land that stick out into the main valley are cut off as the glacier moves past

Question 13

formation of glacial troughs

Answer 13

steep sided valleys with flat floors. they start off as a v-shaped river valley but change to a u-shape as the glacier erodes the sides and floor making it deeper and wider

Question 14

formation of ribbon lakes

Answer 14

long, thin lakes that form after a glacier retreats. They form in hollows where softer rock was eroded more than the surrounding hard rock

Question 15

formation of hanging valleys

Answer 15

valleys formed by small tributary glaciers that flow into a main glacier. the glacial trough of the large glacier is eroded much more deeply, so when all of the glaciers melt, the tributary valleys are at a higher level

Question 16

landforms formed by transportation and deposition

Answer 16

-moraines
-drumlins
-erratics

Question 17

different types of moraines

Answer 17

-lateral
-ground
-medial
-terminal

Question 18

drumlins

Answer 18

-elongated hills
-overloaded or melting glaciers deposit material, this material builds up forming hills

Question 19

erratics

Answer 19

rocks that have been picked up by a glacier, carried along and dropped in an area that has a different rock type

Question 20

economic activities in glaciated upland areas - 4

Answer 20

-tourism, attractive tourist hotspots
-farming, sheep
-forestry, building materials
-quarrying, rock exposed, easy to access

Question 21

why does the lake district attract tourists

Answer 21

-beautiful scenery
-cultural attractions
-activities

Question 22

environmental impacts of tourism in the Lake District

Answer 22

-footpath erosion
-damaged vegetation from cars
-noise, erosion and water pollution

Question 23

economic impacts of tourism in the Lake District

Answer 23

-provided 18,000 jobs in 2017
-made £1.5 bill in a year
-local people can’t afford to stay living In the area

Question 24

social impacts of tourism in the Lake District

Answer 24

-heavy traffic
-businesses cater for tourists not locals

Question 25

negative impacts of tourism in the Lake District - 5

Answer 25

-traffic and parking
-footpath erosion
-littering
-water/noise pollution
-house prices

Question 26

management strategies - traffic and parking

Answer 26

people encouraged to use bikes, buses, boats and trains

Question 27

management strategies - footpath erosion

Answer 27

paths resurfaced using hard-wearing materials

Question 28

management strategies - littering

Answer 28

signs put up and covered bins provided

Question 29

management strategies - water/noise pollution

Answer 29

speed limits and zoning schemes

Question 30

management strategies - house prices

Answer 30

affordable housing and local occupancy schemes help locals to stay in the area an prevent people buying a second/holiday home