resistance to social influence - independent behaviours Flashcards
what are the two explanations for resistance
- locus of control
- social support
what type of resistance is locus of control
dispositional
what type of resistance is social support
situational
what is the locus of control
- an individuals perception of their control over their own actions
- internal = in control of own actions / deterministic
- external = fate/ luck + less introspective
what is social support
- in the presence of allies (alike dissenters) the individual is given confidence to resist obeying authority/ conforming
strengths of LOC - (Holland 1967)
research support
-participants shock a confederate (Milgram) -
37% refused to go to the highest level = internal
23% = external
strengths of LOC - explained
-proves explanation - infers validity
supports idea - individuals internal more concerned with their actions
external less likely to be concerned - more susceptible to obedience etc.
weaknesses of LOC - Twenge et al 2004
correlational
- over 40 years US more resistant but also ore external
- subverts validity - challenges the link
weaknesses of LOC - explained
- LOC exaggerated - limited ecological validity
more so applicable to newer situations
strengths of social support -
Asch
- variations of studies
- presence of dissenter
5% conformity - correct answer
9% conformity incorrect - comp. 1/3
strengths of social support -
Milgram
65% likely to reach higher voltages
10% likely in the presence of a dissenter
strengths social support -
Allen and Levine
Asch dissenter with thick glasses
- conformity still reduced
- strengthened as its applicable to other social theories
weakness of social support - dispositional explanations
degrade validity of social support
- Milgram’s study - moral reasoning (Kohlberg 1969) more moral reasoning - more resistant
enforces that validity is reduced
