Research Methods- Variables And Hypothses

Question 1

What is an independent variable?

Answer 1

Variable which is manipulated by experimenter

Question 2

What is a dependent variable?

Answer 2

Variable which is measured after changes are made to the IV.

Question 3

What are the 4 types of extraneous variables?

Answer 3

Situational variables, participant variables, investigator effects, demand characteristics

Question 4

What is a confounding variable?

Answer 4

If extraneous variables are left uncontrolled, they become confounding variables.

Question 5

What is randomisation?

Answer 5

Way of controlling for effects of extraneous/confounding variables. Allocation of ptpts completely by chance.

Question 6

What is standardisation?

Answer 6

All procedures used in the research are kept the same. Great attention taken to ensure all elements of a procedure are identical.

Question 7

What is a non directional (two tailed) hypothesis?

Answer 7

States there will be a difference between the two conditions, but doesn’t specify the way in which they are different.

Question 8

What is a directional (one tailed) hypothesis?

Answer 8

States that there will be a difference between the two conditions through specifying how they’re different.