Research methods Flashcards
1
Q
Define extraneous variables and what are the 4 types
A
- demand characteristics
- experimenter effects
- ppt effects
- situational variables
- it does not act as alternative IV but may have affect on DV
2
Q
What is operationalising
A
- making sure variables in form easily testable
- eg - not just ‘educational attainment’ but ‘grade in maths’
3
Q
What are standardised procedures
A
- procedures same for everybody to make study replicable
4
Q
External validity
A
degree to which research findings can be generalised to other settings/ people - 3 diff types
- ecological
- temporal
- population
5
Q
Confounding variable
A
- variable that systematically varies with IV
- confound means cause confusion
6
Q
Internal validity
A
- extent whether observed effect due to manipulation not extraneous variables
7
Q
Concurrent validity
A
- comparing 2 tests to see if they have similar results
8
Q
Face validity
A
- if test appears to measure what it set out to
9
Q
Mundane realism
A
- how much a study mirrors real world
10
Q
How to improve reliability
A
- make sure all procedures standardised
11
Q
How to improve reliability of self report techniques
A
- test - retest
- repeat test after length of time and correlate scores
12
Q
Repeated measures design - pros and cons
A
- order effects/ boredom - need counterbalancing
- reduced risk of individual diffs
13
Q
IG design
A
- no control over ppt variables - age,gender etc.
- avoids order effects
14
Q
Matched pairs
A
- impossible to match people on 100% everything
- reduces ppt variables
15
Q
Field experiment
A
- natural enviroment
- Iv manipulated
- ppts unaware - no conforming to demand characteristics
- hard to control extraneous variable - and ethical issues
