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Psych 1100 > Research Methods > Flashcards

Research Methods Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a case study?

A

In depth analysis of one person or a small number of people

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2
Q

Correlation methods

A

Measure direction and strength of the relationship between two variable

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3
Q

An experiment design for assessing age-related changes in which data are obtained simultaneously from people of differing ages

A

Cross-sectional study

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4
Q

What is peer review?

A

The process through which research is scrutinized by other scientists

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5
Q

Allow researchers to extend conclusions from samples to populations

A

Inferential statistics

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6
Q

Variance

A

standard deviation and normal curve

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7
Q

Extend conclusions to larger populations outside your research sample

A

generalizations

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8
Q

Standard for deciding whether the observed result is due to chance

A

statistical significance

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9
Q

What you think is happening

A

alternative hypothesis

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10
Q

Science as a process

A

Develop a theory, generate a hypothesis, evaluate the hypothesis

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11
Q

Case study adv and disadv

A

Adv: can study rare conditions/unique characteristics
Disadv: hard to generalize population

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12
Q

Demonstrates the effects of the independent variable

A

Dependent variable

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13
Q

Survey adv and disadv

A

Adv: Quick, inexpensive, can gather large sample sizes
Disadv: self report can’t be trusted, sample bias, demand characteristics

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14
Q

Consistency of a measure

A

Reliability (precision)

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15
Q

What is naturalistic observation?

A

Study of phenomenon in its natural setting

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16
Q

Variables that are irrelevant to the hypothesis being tested but can alter a researchers conclusions

A

Confounding variable

17
Q

Combines cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches by observing a cross-section of participants over a shorter period than is used typically in longitudinal studies

A

Mixed longitudinal design

18
Q

What is replication?

A

Repeating an experiment and producing the same results

19
Q

A method of learning about reality through systematic observation and experimentation

A

Science

20
Q

Each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to either group

A

Random assignment

21
Q

Naturalistic observation adv and disadv

A

Adv: can observe individuals in their natural everyday lives
Disadv: people may act differently when they’re being observed

22
Q

What is a theory?

A

Sets of facts or relationships that can be used to explain and predict phenomena

23
Q

Not exposed to independent variable

A

Control group

24
Q

Exposed to independent variable

A

Experimental group

25
Q

Not a difference

A

Null hypothesis

26
Q

An experiment design for assessing age related changes in which data are obtained from the same individuals at intervals over a long period of time

A

Longitudinal study

27
Q

How tightly clustered the scores are around this central number. Lower the more clustered it is

A

standard deviation

28
Q

Variable not responsible for a correlation observed between two other variables of interest

A

Third variable

29
Q

Organize your data into more meaningful patterns and summaries

A

Descriptive statistics. Mean, median, mode

30
Q

The entire group of interest

A

Population

31
Q

What is survey?

A

Useful when you want to collect a large amount of data fairly quickly

32
Q

People growing up different. Like young people using tech more

A

Cohort effect

33
Q

Frequency distribution in which most measures are concentrated around the middle

A

normal curve

34
Q

Quality of a measure

A

Validity (accuracy)

35
Q

Controlled and manipulated by the experimenter

A

Independent variable

36
Q

Three descriptive methods

A

Case study, naturalistic observation, and survey

37
Q

A subset of the population being studied

A

Sample

38
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

Proposed explanation for a phenomenon

Psych 1100 (9 decks)

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