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Psych 1100 > Learning > Flashcards

Learning Flashcards

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1
Q

Involves changes in the magnitude of responses to a stimulus

A

Non associative learning

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2
Q

A learned ability to distinguish between different stimuli

A

Discrimination

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3
Q

What does punishment need to be effective?

A

Significance, immediacy, and consistency

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4
Q

A response to an unconditioned stimulus that requires no previous experience

A

Unconditioned response

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5
Q

A type of learning in which associations are formed between behaviors and their outcomes

A

Operant conditioning

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6
Q

An environmental event whose significance is learned through classical conditioning

A

Conditioned stimulus

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7
Q

Types of non associative learning

A

Habituation, sensitization

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8
Q

A system where tokens that can be exchanged for other reinforcers are used to inc the freq of desirable behaviors

A

Token economics

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9
Q

Occurs if the association between the CS and UCS is broken

A

Extinction

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10
Q

Decreases a behavior

A

Punishment

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11
Q

A schedule in which the first response following a set time interval is reinforced

A

Fixed interval

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12
Q

Stimuli that are similar to the original CS also elicit the CR

A

Generalization

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13
Q

Conditioned reinforcers

A

Only gain value by being associated with other things that are valued

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14
Q

A schedule in which the first response following a variable time interval is reinforced

A

Variable interval

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15
Q

A behavior is reinforced on some occasions but not on others

A

Partial reinforcement

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16
Q

Primary reinforcers

A

Naturally reinforcing, play a role in survival

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17
Q

Increases a behavior

A

Reinforcement

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18
Q

Occurs when we form connections around stimuli and behaviors

A

Associative learning

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19
Q

Continuously exposing the individual to what they hear until they no longer respond

A

Flooding

20
Q

A CS predicts the nonoccurence of a UCS. Dog taking food off table with nobody around but not with people around

A

Inhibition

21
Q

Learning in which stimuli associated with a conditioned stimulus also elicit CRs

A

Higher order conditioning

22
Q

Pairing the CS with an unpleasant UCS. Being shocked when you eat something unhealthy

A

Aversion therapy

23
Q

A schedule in which reinforcement occurs following a set number of behaviors

A

Fixed ratio schedules

24
Q

Reinforcement depends on the passage of time

A

Interval schedules

25
Q

Taking away something undesirable to increase the frequency of a behavior

A

Negative reinforcement

26
Q

Something that elicits a response wout prior experience

A

Unconditioned stimulus

27
Q

A response learned through classical conditioning

A

Conditioned response

28
Q

Adding something undesirable to decrease the frequency of behavior

A

Positive punishment

29
Q

Increases our reactions to many stimuli following exposure to one strong stimulus

A

Sensitization

30
Q

The slower learning that occurs when a CS is already familiar compared to when the CS is unfamiliar

A

Latent inhibition

31
Q

Individual relaxes while the feared stimulus is gradually introduced

A

Systematic desensitization

32
Q

Proximity in time between the CS and UCS

A

Contiguity

33
Q

Correlation between the CS and UCS

A

Contingency

34
Q

A schedule in which reinforcement occurs following a variable number of behaviors

A

Variable ratio schedules

35
Q

The reappearance of the CR following periods of rest between sessions of extinction training

A

Spontaneous recovery

36
Q

Conditioning a target behavior by progressively reinforcing behaviors that come closer and closet to the target

A

Shaping (method of successive approximations)

37
Q

Reduces our reactions to repeated experiences that are unchaining and harmless

A

Habituation

38
Q

Little Albert

A

Conditioned to fear furry animals bc of a loud bang associated with them

39
Q

Learning that takes place by watching others

A

Observational learning

40
Q

Taking away something desirable to decrease the frequency of behavior

A

Negative punishment

41
Q

A type of learning in which associations are formed between two stimuli that occur sequentially

A

Classical conditioning

42
Q

A behavior is reinforced every time it occurs

A

continuous reinforcement

43
Q

Adding something desirable to inc frequency of behavior

A

Positive reinforcement

44
Q

The development of a learned response. Requires contiguity and contingency

A

Acquisition

45
Q

Reinforcement depends on the number of times a behavior occurs

A

Ratio schedules

Psych 1100 (9 decks)

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