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Psych 1100 > Memory > Flashcards

Memory Flashcards

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1
Q

Elaborative processing/rehearsal

A

Linking info with things already known

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2
Q

Active manipulation. Multiple processes simultaneously

A

Working memory

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3
Q

Used to process touch and other body senses. Everything beside visual and acoustic codes

A

Haptic codes

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4
Q

Holds unlimited amount of info for an unlimited amount of time

A

Long term memory

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5
Q

Effects of LTP

A

Sending and receiving info in the brain becomes more efficient possibly due to strength/duration of LTM

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6
Q

Combining small bits of info into larger clusters. Short term memory tool

A

Chunking

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7
Q

An especially vivid and detailed memory of an emotional event. Occurs when stress accompanies learning

A

Flashbulb memory

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8
Q

The enhancement of communication between two neurons resulting from their synchronous activation. Neurons that fire together wire together

A

Long term potentiation

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9
Q

Recency effect

A

Superior recall for the last times on a list. Working memory bc just saw/heard things at the end

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10
Q

ACh in memory

A

Important for encoding new info. Alzheimer’s. Medications for Alzheimer’s try to boost ACh

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11
Q

Primacy effect

A

Superior recall for the first items on a list. More time to make it to LTM

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12
Q

Includes semantic or episodic memories that reference the self. Like knowing what hospital you were born at

A

Autobiographical memory

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13
Q

Short term memory capacity

A

7 +or- 2 (5-9)

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14
Q

Gradual acquisition of skills as a result of practice, or knowing how to do things. Like walking or typing. Helps us automate

A

procedural memory

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15
Q

Rebuilding a memory out of stored elements. A real memory but changed a little

A

Reconstruction

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16
Q

Memory for personal experiences. Experienced first hand

A

Episodic memory

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17
Q

Remembering when, where, and how a memory was acquired. Can produce false memories when attributed to wrong source

A

Source monitoring

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18
Q

Iconic memories. Represent visual images (seeing)

A

Visual codes

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19
Q

Passive storage. Single process at a time

A

Short term memory

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20
Q

A connectionist theory proposing that people organize general knowledge based on their individual experiences. Concepts activate closely related concepts

A

Spreading activation model

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21
Q

Retrieval from STM

A

We search through one item at a time rather than retrieving its contents all at once

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22
Q

Consciously retrieved memory that is easy to verbalize. Knowing that

A

Declarative memory

23
Q

An extension of the concept of short term memory that includes the active manipulation of multiple types of info simultaneously

A

Working memory

24
Q

Glutamates role in memory

A

Involved in memory formation

25
Q

Unconscious, effortlessly retrieval memory that is difficult to verbalize. Knowing how

A

Nondeclarative memory

26
Q

Tools for improving memory

A

Distributed practice, take tests, blocking vs interweaving (focus on one topic or combine topics), recite, sleep, mnemonics

27
Q

Associated facts and concepts that make up our general knowledge of the world. Provides us with an objective understanding of our world

A

Semantic memory

28
Q

Deep processing

A

Based on actual meaning associated with word. Elaborative processing/rehearsal. Linking info with things already known

29
Q

A process in which memories incorporate unique combinations of info when encoded. Chewing gum while studying

A

Encoding specificity

30
Q

The recovery of stored info. Pulling memories out of the brain

A

Retrieval

31
Q

Three types of memory in Atkinson-Shiffrin model

A

Sensory memory, short term memory, and long term memory

32
Q

Superior memory of autobiographical memory

A

Hyperthymesia

33
Q

The likelihood that an item on a word list will be remembered depends on its position in the list

A

Serial position effect. Better at beginning and end

34
Q

Later learning impairs memory for info acquired earlier. New info wins

A

Retroactive interference

35
Q

The retention of info. Putting info into the brain

A

Storage

36
Q

The phenomenon of not being able to fully retrieve a word you are looking for but to have some partial recall

A

Tip of the tongue

37
Q

Three types of declarative memory

A

Semantic, episodic, and autobiographical

38
Q

A set of expectations about objects and situations

A

Schema

39
Q

Two types of non declarative memory

A

Procedural memory and priming

40
Q

Confusion between real and imagined memories

A

Confabulation

41
Q

Change in a response to a stimulus as a result of exposure to a previous stimulus. Being shown a queen and being asked to say a word starting with k and saying king

A

Priming

42
Q

Levels of processing theory

A

More likely to recall info processed on a deep level

43
Q

Holds large amounts of incoming data fro brief amounts of time (a second or less)

A

Sensory memory

44
Q

The transformation of info from one form to another. Turing info into something the brain can make sense of

A

Encoding

45
Q

Earlier learning impairs memory for info acquired later. Old info wins

A

Proactive interference

46
Q

Any stimulus that helps you access target info. Helps trigger your memory

A

Cue

47
Q

Shallow processing

A

Based on auditory or visual levels, sound, structure, or appearance of a word. Maintenance rehearsal. Memorization

48
Q

Declarative memory brain location

A

Cerebral cortex (lobes)

49
Q

Echoic memories. Represent sounds and words (hearing)

A

Acoustic memories

50
Q

How can the duration of short term memory be improved?

A

Rehearsal

51
Q

Holds a small amount of info for a limited time (30 seconds at most)

A

Short term memory

52
Q

Nondeclarative memory brain location

A

Basal ganglia

53
Q

Patient HM

A

Hippocampi removed. Could not form new declarative memories. Still had non declarative memories and could form new ones

54
Q

Failure to retrieve unpleasant or threatening info. Will yourself to forget

A

Motivated forgetting

Psych 1100 (9 decks)

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