Requirement for Microbial Growth Flashcards

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1
Q

2 types of bacterial requirement

A

Physical and Chemical

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2
Q

three primary groups of temperature

A

psychrophiles, mesophiles, and thermophiles

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3
Q

(cold-loving microbes) at 0 degree celsius

A

Psychrophiles

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4
Q

(moderate - temperature- loving microbes) - 25-40 degree celsius, are the most common type of microbes

A

Mesophiles

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5
Q

(heat-loving microbes) - 50-60 degree celsius

A

Thermophiles

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5
Q

have an optimum growth temperature of 80 degree celsius or higher

A

Hypothermophiles

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6
Q

121 degree celsius and above

A

Extreme thermophiles

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7
Q

refers to acidity or alkalinity of a solution

A

pH

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8
Q

what narrow pH range does most bacteria grows best ?

A

range near neutrality between pH 6.5 and pH7.5

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9
Q

Grow at high pH environment

A

Alkaliphiles

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10
Q

considered as an extremophiles that grow in acidic environment below pH4

A

Acidophiles

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11
Q

orce that water exert on the semi-permeable membrane (plasma membrane) surrounding the cell.

A

Osmotic Pressures

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12
Q

Water moves across the plasma membrane in response to an unequal distribution of dissolved solutes in the environment.

A

Osmotic Pressures

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13
Q

salt concentration inside is high

A

Hypertonics solution

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14
Q

does bacteria need hypertonics or isotonic solution?

A

isotonic solution

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15
Q

are microorganisms that require certain concentration of salt to survive

A

Halophiles

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16
Q

three types of halophiles

A

Extreme halophiles, Obligate Halophiles, Facultative Halophiles

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17
Q

require high salt concentration

A

Extreme halophiles

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18
Q

require 30% of salt for growth

A

Obligate Halophiles

19
Q

requires 15% of salt for growth

A

Facultative halophiles

20
Q

organisms that require oxygen to live

A

Obligate aerobe

21
Q

3 types of Physical requirements

A

Temperature, pH, Osmotic Pressure

22
Q

5 types of Chemical requirements

A
  1. Carbon
  2. Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Phosporus
  3. Trace elements such as Iron, Copper, Molybdenum, and Zinc
  4. Organic growth Factors
  5. Oxygen
23
Q

have the ability to grow in the absence of oxygen.

A

Facultative anaerobe

24
Q

bacteria that are unable to use molecular oxygen for energy-yielding reactions.

A

Obligate anaerobe

25
Q

cannot use oxygen for growth, but they tolerate it fairly well

A

Aerotolerant anaerobes

26
Q

they are aerobic but they grow only in oxygen concentrations lower than loose in air.

A

Microaerophile

27
Q

bacteria that grow on the body. Does Not cause disease or infection

A

Normal flora

28
Q

it is necessary to change carbon dioxide gas from the air and water around them into a sugar called glucose.

A

Carbon

29
Q

are necessary for protein and nucleic acid biosynthesis

A

Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Phosporus

30
Q

Most microbes get these elements by degrading proteins and nucleic acids, but some capture nitrogen gas or ammonia or get sulfur from other ions in the environment.

A

Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Phosporus

31
Q

Organic compounds such as amino acids, purines, pyrimidines, and vitamins

A

Organic growth Factors

32
Q

6 conditions necessary for bacterial growth

A

FATTOM
Food
Acidity
Time
Temperature
Oxygen
Moisture

33
Q

it is an increase in the number of bacteria in a population rather than in the size of individual cells.

A

Bacterial Growth

34
Q

growth whose rate becomes more rapid in proportion to the growing total number in size

A

Exponential Growth

34
Q

it is the division of a single entity into two or more parts and the generation of those parts to separate entities resembling the original

A

Binary Fission

35
Q

formula for Generation Time

A

G = t / n

36
Q

represents the number of live cells in a bacterial population over a period of time.

A

Bacterial Growth Curve

37
Q

5 “i”method in culturing microbes

A

Inoculation
Isolation
Incubation
Inspection
Identification

38
Q

introducing bacteria into a culture media for microbial growth
Producing a pure culture
Introduce bacteria into a growth medium using “aseptic technique” to prevent contamination

A

Inoculation

39
Q

colony on media, one kind of microbe pure culture

A

Isolation

40
Q

2 types of culture

A

Pure culture and Mix culture

41
Q

growing microbes under proper conditions
Allow organisms to grow under the optimal conditions

A

Incubation

42
Q

an instrument used in the production of an anaerobic environment.

A

Anaerobic jar

43
Q

use of data, correlation, to ID organism to exact species
Correlating data from all observations to ID organism to species

A

Identification

44
Q

observation and description of characteristic (data)
Colony morphology, microscopic examination (grams stain)
Systematic recording of “DATA”

A

Inspection