Gram Positive & Gram Negative Flashcards

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1
Q

study of the cause; manner of causation of a disease or condition.

A

Etiology

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2
Q

Who invented Gram Staining?

A

Hans Christian Gram

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3
Q

A staining technique used to classify bacterial species into large groups

A

Gram staining or Gram Stain or Gram’s Method

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4
Q

What are the 4 chemical use in Gram Staining?

A

Crystal violet, Iodine, Ethyl alcohol, Safranin

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5
Q

what is the purpose of Iodine?

A

Mordant

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6
Q

what is the purpose of ethyl alcohol?

A

decolorizer

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7
Q

what is the purpose of safranin?

A

counterstain

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8
Q

what is the purpose of crystal violet?

A

primary stain

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9
Q

how many second does crystal violet stay?

A

60 sec

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10
Q

how many second does ethyl alcohol stay?

A

15 sec

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10
Q

how many second does iodine stay?

A

60 sec

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11
Q

Describe the characteristics of gram-positive

A

with inner most plasma membrane
with thick cell wall / peptidoglycan
without a second plasm membrane
with or without an outer capsule

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11
Q

how many second does safranin stay?

A

60 sec

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12
Q

Describe the characteristics of gram-negative

A

with inner most plasma membrane
with thin cell wall / peptidoglycan
with a second plasm membrane
with or without an outer capsule

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13
Q

sticky outer layer for protection and attachment

A

capsule

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14
Q

it is made of peptidoglycan that provides structural support

A

cell wall

15
Q

it is a phospholipid bilayer that directs what enters and exits

A

plasma membrane

16
Q

a complex glycolipid covering the cell surface of gram-negative bacteria

A

Lipopolysaccharide

17
Q

what is the meaning of LPS?

A

Lipopolysaccharide

18
Q

what gram has no LPS?

A

Gram positive

19
Q

is a virulence factor shielding bacteria from adverse host environments and is sensed by animal as well as plant receptors

A

Lipopolysaccharide

20
Q

what gram has LPS?

A

gram negative

21
Q

enters the cell of the host

A

endotoxin