reproductive systems

Question 1

where are seminiferous tubules and what is their function?

Answer 1

4 seminiferous tubules are located in each lobule, they produce sperm

Question 2

what cell is responsible for producing testosterone and where are they located?

Answer 2

interstitial cells are located between seminiferous tubules and produce testosterone

Question 3

what is the epididymis?

Answer 3

comma shape around the testes
stores sperm until they are fully mature (sperm school)

Question 3

what are the layers of the spermatic cord?

Answer 3

blood vessels, nerves, cremaster muscle, ductus deferens

Question 4

what is the inguinal canal?

Answer 4

the canal that testes descend from the abdomen into the scrotum

Question 5

what is the function of the cremaster muscle?

Answer 5

elevates the testes closer to abdomen for warmth

Question 6

where is the ductus deferens located?

Answer 6

tube between testis and prostate gland
enters abdominopelvic cavity and wraps around bladder

Question 7

what two things merge to form ejaculatory duct?

Answer 7

ductus deferens and seminal vessicles

Question 8

what is the function of the pampiniform plexus?

Answer 8

to cool the testes

Question 9

what do accessory glands produce?

Answer 9

produce seminal fluid

Question 10

what are considered accessory glands?

Answer 10

seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral gland

Question 11

what are the contents of prostatic fluid?

Answer 11

nutrients, weak antibiotic, and prostate-specific antigen to liquify semen

Question 12

what do bulbourethral glands do?

Answer 12

secrete mucin to lubricate urethra

Question 13

what is the process of ejaculation?

Answer 13

epididymis -> ductus deferens -> top of urethra -> ejaculatory duct -> seminal fluid -> enters prostatic urethra -> prostatic fluid -> membranous urethra -> bulbourethral fluid -> spongy urethra -> exit

Question 14

erectile tissues?

Answer 14

corpus cavernosa - dorsal
corpus spongiosum - deep to cavernosa, around spongy urethra
glans - spongiosum tissue

Question 15

where does fertilization occur?

Answer 15

ampulla

Question 16

process of fertilization and implantation?

Answer 16

1. ovulation
2. Day 1: fertilization
3. Day 2-4: cell division
4. Day 4-5: blastocyst in uterus
5. Day 5-9: blastocyst implants

Question 17

what do ovaries do?

Answer 17

produces oocytes and estrogen and progesterone

Question 18

ovarian cycle?

Answer 18

1. follicular phase - follicles mature
2. ovulation - one mature oocyte is released
3. luteal phase - corpus luteum secretes estrogen and progesterone

Question 19

uterine cycle?

Answer 19

menstrual, proliferative (FSH and LH), secretory, menstrual again

Question 20

what do the fimbriae do?

Answer 20

guide oocyte into fallopian tube

Question 21

layers of uterine wall?

Answer 21

perimetrium - outside
myometrium - middle muscle
endometrium - inner-most layer, where oocyte attaches, sheds during period

Question 22

where is the vagina located?

Answer 22

posterior to bladder, anterior to rectum

Question 23

what are breasts made up of?

Answer 23

glands, fat, ligaments

Question 24

what is endometriosis?

Answer 24

when the endometrium grows outside of uterus, over fallopian tubes and ovaries

Question 25

what is an ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 25

when a fertilized egg implants outside of uterus

Question 26

oocyte pathway

Answer 26

ovary -> ovulation -> oocyte grabbed by fimbriae on ovarian tube -> guided in to ampulla where it can be fertilized

Question 27

where are ova produced?

Answer 27

ovarian follicles

Question 28

what are the contents of semen?

Answer 28

prostatic fluid, seminal fluid, sperm

Question 29

what do seminal vesicles secrete?

Answer 29

fructose and nutrients