reproductive systems Flashcards
where are seminiferous tubules and what is their function?
4 seminiferous tubules are located in each lobule, they produce sperm
what cell is responsible for producing testosterone and where are they located?
interstitial cells are located between seminiferous tubules and produce testosterone
what is the epididymis?
comma shape around the testes
stores sperm until they are fully mature (sperm school)
what are the layers of the spermatic cord?
blood vessels, nerves, cremaster muscle, ductus deferens
what is the inguinal canal?
the canal that testes descend from the abdomen into the scrotum
what is the function of the cremaster muscle?
elevates the testes closer to abdomen for warmth
where is the ductus deferens located?
tube between testis and prostate gland
enters abdominopelvic cavity and wraps around bladder
what two things merge to form ejaculatory duct?
ductus deferens and seminal vessicles
what is the function of the pampiniform plexus?
to cool the testes
what do accessory glands produce?
produce seminal fluid
what are considered accessory glands?
seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral gland
what are the contents of prostatic fluid?
nutrients, weak antibiotic, and prostate-specific antigen to liquify semen
what do bulbourethral glands do?
secrete mucin to lubricate urethra
what is the process of ejaculation?
epididymis -> ductus deferens -> top of urethra -> ejaculatory duct -> seminal fluid -> enters prostatic urethra -> prostatic fluid -> membranous urethra -> bulbourethral fluid -> spongy urethra -> exit
erectile tissues?
corpus cavernosa - dorsal
corpus spongiosum - deep to cavernosa, around spongy urethra
glans - spongiosum tissue
where does fertilization occur?
ampulla
process of fertilization and implantation?
- ovulation
- Day 1: fertilization
- Day 2-4: cell division
- Day 4-5: blastocyst in uterus
- Day 5-9: blastocyst implants
what do ovaries do?
produces oocytes and estrogen and progesterone
ovarian cycle?
- follicular phase - follicles mature
- ovulation - one mature oocyte is released
- luteal phase - corpus luteum secretes estrogen and progesterone
uterine cycle?
menstrual, proliferative (FSH and LH), secretory, menstrual again
what do the fimbriae do?
guide oocyte into fallopian tube
layers of uterine wall?
perimetrium - outside
myometrium - middle muscle
endometrium - inner-most layer, where oocyte attaches, sheds during period
where is the vagina located?
posterior to bladder, anterior to rectum
what are breasts made up of?
glands, fat, ligaments
