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pathology/histology > Reproductive System Ch 17+18 > Flashcards

Reproductive System Ch 17+18 Flashcards

1
Q

labia major histology

A

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium + basal pigmentation

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2
Q

condyloma acuminate

A

genital warts, multiple papillary leions,

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3
Q

gestational diabetes

A

hyperglycemia in pregnancy (24-28 weeks of pregnancy

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4
Q

gestational diabetes risk factors

A

advanced maternal age, african/hispanic ancestry, obesity, previous delivery of child greater than 9lbs

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5
Q

complications of gestational diabetes

A

birth trauma, reduced uteroplacental perfusion, hypoxia, polycythemia, jaundice, hypoglycemia, fetal death

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6
Q

macrosomia

A

complication for baby of gestational dm: large baby size which causes multiple problems for the baby

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7
Q

pre-eclampsia

A

hypertension, eduma, and proteinuria during pregnancy

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8
Q

signs/symptoms of pre-eclampsia

A

high BP, edema of hands and feet, proteinuria, blurred vision, arteriolar narrowing

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9
Q

complications of pre-eclampsia

A

compromised blood supply to placenta

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10
Q

difference between pre-eclampsia and eclampsia

A

eclampsia involves convulsions and can be fatal to mother and baby

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11
Q

surface epithelium ovarian neoplasm

A

benign or malignant,

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12
Q

which surface epithelium ovarian tumor is more likely malignant: cystic, papillary, or solid

A

solid

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13
Q

germ cell ovarian tumor

A

include teratoma, mainly benign, and common in younger women

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14
Q

granulosa-theca cell tumors ovarian tumor

A

benign/low-grade; effects estrogen

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15
Q

sertoli-leydig cell ovarian tumor

A

affects androgens causes virilization

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16
Q

fibroma ovarian tumor

A

benign stromal tumor of ovary, ascites, pleural effusion (Meig syndrome)

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17
Q

Meig syndrome

A

symptom of fibroma, consists of ascites and pleural effusion

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18
Q

krukenberg tumor

A

tumor of ovary from metastatic stomach cancer

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19
Q

polycystic ovaries

A

enlarged ovaries with multiple cystic follicles; ovaries produce excess androgens

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20
Q

Stein-leventhal syndrome

A

(polycystic ovaries) excess androgens>converted to estrone>negative feedback on GnRH> follicles develop but no ovulation due to inhibited LH and FSH

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21
Q

symptoms of polycystic ovaries

A

acne, hirsutism, weight gain, androgen excess, anovulation, oligomenorrhea, and infertility

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22
Q

follicular cysts

A

uninterrupted graafian folicles

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23
Q

luteal cysts

A

follicles rupured and immediately seales

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24
Q

follicle cycle

A

graafian follicle > ovulation (rupture and ovum released)> corpus luteum>corpus albicans

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25
corpus luteum
produces progesterone necessary for development and maintenance of endometrium after ovulation
26
theca cells
hormone producing cells
27
histological features of tertiary follicle
follicular epithelium of granulosa cells and theca externa
28
salpingitis
inflammation of the fallopian tubes
29
complications of salpingitis
strictining and scarring of fallopian tubes, obstruction of tubes > sterility
30
fallopian tube neoplasm
usually adenocarcina, increased incidence with BRCA mutation, peritoneal spread
31
fallopian tube histology
outer to inner: Tunica serosa, tunica muscularis, Fimbriae (cilliated columnar cells and peg cells), lamina propria-tunica submucosa, tunica mucosa, lumen
32
peg cells
non-ciliated secretory cells of fallopian tube, help spermazoa survive
33
leimyoma
fibroid, most common benign tumor. asymptomatic or cause of menorrhagia - benign poliferation of smooth muscle cells of myometrium
34
polyps
common in menopause, benign endometrial tissue + dilated cystic glands, cause abnormal bleeding, may give rise to cancer
35
leiomyosarcomas
cancer in uterine wall or project into uterine cavity, metastasize to lungs
36
endometrial cancer
associated with estrogen excess, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, infertility/nulliparity
37
Lynch syndrome
hereditary endometrial cancer associated with GI, ovary, skin and brain cancer
38
Cowden's syndrome
hereditary endometrial cancer with breast and thyroid cancer
39
hyperplasia
secondary to estrogen excess, can lead to cancer if growth becomes independent of the estrogen
40
endometriosis
displaced endometrial tissue OUTSIDE the uterus, generally caused by menstrual backflow through fallopian tube (endometrial tissue functional and responds to hormonal stimulation) - chocolate cysts
41
adenomyosis
displaced nest of endometrial tissue in the MYOMETRIUM can cause thickening of uterine wall (endometrial tissue will subject to changes during menstrual cycle)
42
endometritis
inflammation of uterus, usually part of PID
43
uterine tissue during menses
just the endometrial glands at the edge with a large basilar zone of endometrium
44
uterine tissue during proliferative phase
development of glands (lots of glands)
45
uterine tissue during secretory phase
glands > spiral glands (help receive zygote)
46
stratum basale
endometrium layer closest to myometrium
47
stratum functionalis
varies dramatically in morphology during menstrual cycle
48
vulvar intraepithelial neoplasm
carcinoma in situ, areas of multiphocal leukoplakia
49
squamous cell carcinoma
concentric layers of keratin (keratin pearls) with many lymphocytes
50
corpus spongiosium
has urethra, ventral aspect of penis
51
corpus cavernosum
contains deep artery, dorsal lateral aspects of penis
52
erectile dysfunction
disorder of nerve conduction, blood flow, or both
53
hypospadias
urethra opening on ventral surface
54
epispadias
urethra opening on dorsal surface
55
balanitis
inflammation of glands penis
56
balanoposthisis
inflammation of glands penis and foreskin
57
condyloma acuminate
genital warts associated with HPV 6 + 11
58
bowen disease
precuror to cancer, scally rough patch surface of penis
59
erythroplasia of queyrat
discoloring of penis, early stage cancer
60
squamous cell carcinoma
most common form of cancer, keratin pearls
61
cavity of tunica vaginalis
virtual cavity fluid collection between tunica vaginalis and tunica albuginea
62
tunica albuginea
covers seminiferous tubules in testes
63
tunica vaginalis
told over tunica albuginia
64
tubuus rectus
exit point to rete testis
65
organization of testis
least differentiated sperm on outside to most differentiated sperm towards inside ( spermatogonium, spermatocyte, spermatid, spermatozoa)
66
cells of sertoli
supports and nurish sperm cells, inside testis
67
leydig cells (in males)
outside of testes and in sex cord; produce testosterone

pathology/histology (14 decks)

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