reproductive system Flashcards
can we live without the reproductive system
yes, not involved in homeostasis
why does sex = reproduction
- provides mixing of individual genomes
- provides genetic biodiversity within a species that is evolutionary adaptive
what is needed to sexually reproduce
- need two parents (male and female)
- need means to produce sperm and egg
- need means to assure fertilization of egg
- need means to protect developing fertilized egg (uterus)
what is meiosis
occurs in ovaries and testes
produces haploid gametes (ova and sperm)
what is the male architecture
- sperm made in testes that travels to urethra
- mature in epididymis
- has prostate, seminal vesicles
- bulbourethral gland provides secretions to seminal fluid
what is the urethra
common pathway for urine and sperm from bladder
what is the penis
- erectile organ
- ANS causes smooth muscle to relax which allows erectile tissue to fill with blood (veins compressed) which causes erection
what causes ejaculation
rhythmic muscular contraction
what is the female reproductive system
- makes ova and babies
- designed for: ova development, sexual intercourse, and fertilized egg development
what does the ovary contain
cortex contains follicles
each follicle contains one oocyte stopped in meiosis1 (first division)
what is in the ovary before birth and how does it change
- a few million oocytes before birth
- usually only one oocyte matures monthly (unless there’s two then fraternal twins)
- meiosis two occurs upon fertilization
what is the ovarian cycle
- anterior pituitary gland secretes FSH and LH
- FSH stimulates follicle development causing estrogen secretion
- estrogen induces LH secretion by anterior pituitary
what does LH induce
- ovulation
- development of corpus lute (produces progesterone to tell uterus what to do)
what is the uterus
thick, muscular organ that is the site of fetal development
what is the endometrium
interior lining that varies with menstrual cycle
site of implantation of embryo
