drugs Flashcards
what is pharmocology
the study of drugs
drugs alter biological functions
what is the concept of dose response
as dose increase the response to antibiotic increases
what does pharmacology science deal with
how drugs are synthesized, how drugs function, how the body handles drugs (metabolism, distribution, elimination)
what are therapeutic drugs
-target symptom, invader, tissue or organ etc
how can drugs be classified
- by type of chemical
- by “receptor” they act upon (membrane proteins respond to drug)
- by diseases they affect
what are system drugs
cardiovascular drugs
- anti-hypertensiveness
- smooth muscle relaxants
- angiotensis converting enzyme inhibitors
- calcium channel blockers
- drugs reducing cardiac output
what are disease drugs
anti-cancer agents
-cancer is many diseases, all characterized by uncontrolled cellular reproduction
what do drugs do
often affect DNA
side effects
some cancers become unresponsive to drugs
how do people search for new drugs
synthesis
screening natural compounds
copying bioactive molecules from humans
what is drug testing
in vitro testing (in test tubes)
- biochemical
- cellular
- organs and tissues
animal testing
- toxicity
- efficacy
how do drugs work
- active at cellular level
- receptor binding, activating or inhibiting cell functions
- metabolic and enzyme effects
ex. treatment of Parkinsons disease (attacks basal ganglia)
what is Myasthenia gravis
droopy eye
what is pharmacokinetics
science of drug distribution and duration in the body
-drugs are eliminated by metabolism and excretion
what is cocaine pharmacology
- stimulant, anaesthetic, appetite suppressant
- blocker of Na+ channels (which can cause sudden cardiac death)
postive: Euphoriant
negatives: can cause tremors and conclusions, itching and hallucinations, insomnia and lethargy, hunger, addiction
what are side effects of drugs
- all drugs have potential to cause side effects (unwanted effects)
- drug interactions are also possible (increased or decreased efficacy, synergistic effects, side effects at lower doses)
