Reproductive System Flashcards
What is the function of the reproduction system
When the male and female reproductive systems work together to produce an offspring
What is the order in which sperm passes until it exits the body
It goes from the epididymus to the ductus deferens to the ejaculatory duct to the urethra
What is the function of sperm
To carry genetic material
What are the main constituents of semen
Sperm and seminal fluid
What is the function of eggs/ovum
To contain genetic material needed for a new individual
What is the order of structures an unfertilised ovum passes to get outside the body
Ovary to fimbriae to uterine tube to uterus to vagina
What is the function of the epididymus
To store sperm until they mature
What’s the function of the seminal vesicles
To produce fluid which mixes with sperm
What’s the function of the prostate gland
To produce fluid which mixes with sperm
What’s the function of ovaries
To produce secondary oocytes or ovum and secrete oestrogen and progesterone
What’s the functions of the testes
Produce sperm and secrete testosterone
What’s the function of the uterine tube
To pass the an ovum into the uterus
What’s the function of the uterus
It’s the site of implantation of a zygote and the site of growth/development of an embryo/foetus
What is a yeast infection
It affects the female reproductive system and is a fungal infection called Candida albicans and are opportunistic when there an impairment in the immune system such as pregnancy and uncontrolled diabetes
What’s the definition of fertilisation
When a sperm and ovum fuse together to form a zygote
What are the functions of meiosis
To produce gametes and produce genetically different daughter cells
What is the process of meiosis
A primary cell with 46 replicated chromosomes is divided into 4 genetically different gamete daughter cells with 23 replicated chromosomes
What’s the difference between meiosis and mitosis
- Mitosis occurs in somatic or body cells whereas meiosis only occurs in sex cells.
- Meiosis occurs for reproduction whereas mitosis occurs for tissue repairs, growths and cell replacement
- meiosis produces genetically different daughter cells whereas mitosis produces identical daughter cells
Explain the production of gametes in oogenesis
- cells in the ovaries divide by mitosis and form primary oocytes
- a primary oocyte with 46 chromosome is replicated and divides into a secondary oocyte and polar body with 23 chromosomes
- a secondary oocyte divides into 1 ovum and 3 polar body with 23 chromosomes
Explain the production of gametes during spermatogenesis
- cells in testes divide by mitosis to form primary spermatocytes
- a primary spermatocyte is replicated with 46 chromosomes and splits into 2 secondary spermatocytes with 23 replicated chromosomes
- both secondary spermatocytes divide into spermatids which develop into sperm with 23 chromosomes
