Reproductive System

Question 1

The most common symptom of a benign tumor of the uterus is

Answer 1

Abnormal uterine bleeding (menorrhagia)

Question 2

When do benign tumors of the uterus tend to disappear

Answer 2

After menopause

They rarely become malignant

Question 3

Myomectomy

Answer 3

Removal of fibroids without removal of the uterus

Via laparotomy, laparoscopy, or hysteroscopy

Question 4

Dysmenorrhea

Answer 4

Extremely painful menstrual periods

Question 5

Nursing assessment of benign tumors of uterus

Answer 5

Menorrhagia
Dysmenorrhea
Uterine enlargement
Low back and pelvic pain

Question 6

GnRH

Answer 6

Benign tumor of uterus intervention.

Explain to pt regrowth will occur after the tx is stopped
A small loss in bone mass and changes in lipid levels may occur
Amenorrhea may occur
Women need to use condoms as only birth control method
Administration is by subcutaneous and IM injections

Question 7

UAE

Answer 7

Benign tumor of uterus intervention
Do not drink alcohol, smoke, take aspirin, or anticoagulant meds 24 hours before procedure
Cramping will occur during injections of PVA into selected blood vessels
Post op- pelvic pain, fever, malaise, and nausea may be caused by acute fibroid degeneration

Afterwards can not use tampons or douce or have intercourse for at least 4 weeks

Question 8

Uterine prolapse

Answer 8

Downward displacement of the uterus

Question 9

Cystocele

Answer 9

The relaxation of the anterior vaginal wall with prolapse of the bladder

Question 10

Rectocele

Answer 10

Is the relaxation of the posterior vaginal wall with prolapse of the rectum

Question 11

Symptoms associated with uterine prolapse

Answer 11

Dysmenorrhea 
Pulling and dragging sensations in pelvis and back
Dyspareunia
Pressure, protrusions
Fatigue
Low back ache

Symptoms may worsen with prolonged standing or after inter course

Question 12

Symptoms associated with Rectocele

Answer 12

Constipation
Hemorrhoids
Sense of pressure or need to defecate

Question 13

Cancer of the cervix

Answer 13

Of cancers occurring in the cervix 95% are squamous cell in Origin
Some are directly linked to HPV

Women over the age of 21 should get yearly paps
Cancer of cervix is easily detected early by Pap test

Precursor to cancer of the cervix is dysphasia

Cancer of cervix is divided into 3 stages

Question 14

First stage of cancer of the cervix

Answer 14

“Early dysplasia”
Laser therapy or cryosurgery is used to treat cervical cancer when the lesion is small and localized.

Radiation, conization, hysterectomy, or pelvic extenteration is used to treat invasive cancer

Chemotherapy is not useful for this type of cancer

Question 15

Second stage of cancer of the cervix

Answer 15

“Early carcinoma”

Can be treated by hysterectomy and intracavity radiation

Question 16

Third stage of cancer of the cervix

Answer 16

“Late carcinoma”
Tumor size and stage of invasion of surrounding tissues are greater.

Can be treated by external beam radiation along with hysterectomy, antineoplastic chemotherapy (limited use), and pelvic extenteration

Question 17

Pelvic exenteration

Answer 17

A drastic surgical procedure where the uterus, ovaries, Fallopian tubes, vagina, rectum, and bladder is removed in attempt to stop metastasis

Question 18

Ovarian cancer

Answer 18

Cancer of the ovaries
Early diagnosis is difficult bc no useful screening tests exist
Malignant germ cell tumors most common in women between 20-40
Epithelial cancers occur most often in the perimenopausal age groups

Question 19

Nursing assessment for ovarian cancer

Answer 19

Asymptomatic in early stages
Laparotomy is primary tool for diagnosis and staging of disease

Advanced clinical manifestations include: pelvic discomfort, low back and leg pain, weight change, abdominal pain, increased abdominal girth, nausea and vomiting, constipation, urinary frequency

Question 20

Breast cancer

Answer 20

Cancer originating in the breast
Leading cause of cancer in women
Early detection is very important
Generally adenocarcinoma, originating in epithelial cells
Tumors tend to be found in upper outer quadrant of the breast and more often in left breast than right

Question 21

The best time for a woman to do self Breast examination

Answer 21

Monthly, as soon as menstrual bleeding ceases

Question 22

Nursing assessment of breast cancer

Answer 22

Hard lump 
Dimpling of skin 
retraction of nipple
Alterations in contour of breast
Changes in skin color
Peau d orange
Discharge of nipple 
Pain and ulceration

Question 23

Testicular cancer

Answer 23

Cancer of the testes is the leading cause of death from cancer in males 15-35 years of age
If detected and treated early there is 90-100% chance of cure.

Men should do self exams once a month after a shower

Question 24

Nursing assessment for testicular cancer

Answer 24

Early signs are subtle and usually go unnoticed
There is a feeling of heaviness or dragging sensation in lower abdomen and groin
There is a lump or swelling on the testicle

Late signs include: low back pain, weight loss, fatigue

Question 25

Cancer of the prostate

Answer 25

Rarely occurs before age 40.
It’s asymptomatic if confined to gland
Symptoms of urinary obstruction

There will be elevated PSA. PSA tests should be done before DRE to avoid false positive readings

Question 26

Benign tumors arising from the muscle tissue of the uterus are more common in black or white women?

Answer 26

Black

And also more common in women who have never been pregnant