Renal

Question 1

Acute intrarenal

Answer 1

Damage to renal parenchyma
Caused by: prolonged prerenal state, nephrotoxins, intratubular obstruction, infections (glomerulonephritis), renal injury, vascular lesions, acute pyelonephritis

Question 2

Acute postrenal

Answer 2

Obstruction in the urinalysis Tract anywhere from the tubules to the urethral meatus

Caused by: calculi, prostatic hyper trophy, tumors

Question 3

Three phases of ARF

Answer 3

Oliguric
Diuretic
Recovery

Question 4

Oliguric phase

Answer 4

Increased BUN and creatine,
Increased potassium
Decreased sodium 
Decreased PH
Fluid overload 
High urine specific gravity (>1.020)

May administer Kayexalate if potassium is too high.

Question 5

Diuretic phase

Answer 5

Decreased fluid volume
Decreased potassium
Further decrease in sodium
Low Urine specific gravity (

Question 6

Flank pain in UTI

Answer 6

Usually means stone is in kidney

Question 7

Acute

Prerenal

Answer 7

Interference with renal perfusion

Caused by: Hemorrhage, hypovolemia, decreased cardiac output, decreased renal perfusion