Musculoskeletal

Question 1

Incomplete fracture

Answer 1

A break across only part of the bone

Question 2

Closed fracture

Answer 2

No breaks in the skin

Question 3

Open fracture

Answer 3

Broken bone protrudes through skin or mucous membrane

Question 4

Green stick fracture

Answer 4

One side of the bone is broken and other side is bent

Question 5

Transverse fracture

Answer 5

Break occurs straight across the bone shaft

Question 6

Oblique fracture

Answer 6

Break occurs at an angle across the bone

Question 7

Comminuted fracture

Answer 7

Break has more than three fragments

Question 8

Longitudinal fracture

Answer 8

Fracture line extends in the direction of the bones longitudinal axis

Question 9

Non displaced fracture

Answer 9

Fragments align at fracture site

Question 10

Displaced fracture

Answer 10

Fragments out of normal position at fracture site

Question 11

Linear fracture

Answer 11

Fracture line is in tact fracture is caused by minor to moderate force applied directly on bone

Question 12

Avulsion fracture

Answer 12

Bone fragments are torn away from the body of the bone at the site of attachment of a ligament or tendon

Question 13

Compression fracture

Answer 13

Bone buckles and eventually cracks as result of unusual loading force applied to its longitudinal axis

Question 14

Spiral fracture

Answer 14

Fracture faults from twisting force

Question 15

Stellate fracture

Answer 15

Fracture line radiates from one central point

Question 16

Transverse fracture

Answer 16

Fracture line occurs at 90 degree angle of bone

Question 17

Colles fracture

Answer 17

Fracture within the last inch of the distal radius; distal fragment is displaced in a position of dorsal and medial deviation

Question 18

Pott fracture

Answer 18

Fracture of the distal fibula, seriously disrupting the tibiofibular articulation; a piece of the medial malleolus may be chipped off as result of rupture of the internal lateral ligament

Question 19

Impacted fracture

Answer 19

Telescoped fracture with one fragment driven into the other

Question 20

When is the greatest time frame risk to develop a fat embolism after a fracture?

Answer 20

In the first 36 hours

Question 21

What is the initial symptom of a fat embolism?

Answer 21

Confusion due to hypoxemia

Question 22

Thromboembolism is the most common complication of which fracture

Answer 22

A hip fracture

Question 23

What should be included in a neuro vascular assessment of a client with a fracture?

Answer 23

Skin color, temperature, sensation, capillary refill, mobility, pain, and pulses should be assessed

Question 24

Clients should not flex hips more than —- degrees following his surgery?

Answer 24

90 degrees

Question 25

How long should an amputated limb be elevated for after surgery?

Answer 25

First 24 hours DO NOT elevate amputated limb after 48 hours post op

Question 26

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 26

Chronic systematic progressive deterioration of the connective tissue of the joints characterized by inflammation. Auto immune disorder

Question 27

Lupus

Answer 27

DLE lupus affects skin only SLE Lupus affects major body organs and can cause them to fail. More prevalent than DLE Autoimmune disorder Kidney involvement is the leading cause of death in clients with lupus followed by cardiac involvement AVOID SUNLIGHT

Question 28

Factors that trigger lupus

Answer 28

Sunlight Stress Pregnancy Drugs

Question 29

Nursing assessment with lupus

Answer 29

``` Butterfly rash (on face) Joint pain and decreased mobility Nephritis Pleural effusion Pericarditis Abdominal pain Photo sensitivity HTN ```

Question 30

Osteoarthritis

Answer 30

Non inflammatory arthritis Characterized by degeneration of cartilage through a wear and tear process Usually only affects one or two joints Occurs asymmetrically Obesity and overuse are predisposing factors

Question 31

Nursing assessment with osteoarthritis

Answer 31

Joint paid that increases with activity and improves with rest Morning stiffness Crepitus Visible joint abnormalities joint enlargement and bony nodules

Question 32

Crepitus

Answer 32

Grating sound in the joint

Question 33

Complete fracture

Answer 33

A break across the entire cross section of the bone