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Hesi Study > Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

Incomplete fracture

A

A break across only part of the bone

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2
Q

Closed fracture

A

No breaks in the skin

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3
Q

Open fracture

A

Broken bone protrudes through skin or mucous membrane

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4
Q

Green stick fracture

A

One side of the bone is broken and other side is bent

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5
Q

Transverse fracture

A

Break occurs straight across the bone shaft

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6
Q

Oblique fracture

A

Break occurs at an angle across the bone

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7
Q

Comminuted fracture

A

Break has more than three fragments

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8
Q

Longitudinal fracture

A

Fracture line extends in the direction of the bones longitudinal axis

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9
Q

Non displaced fracture

A

Fragments align at fracture site

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10
Q

Displaced fracture

A

Fragments out of normal position at fracture site

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11
Q

Linear fracture

A

Fracture line is in tact fracture is caused by minor to moderate force applied directly on bone

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12
Q

Avulsion fracture

A

Bone fragments are torn away from the body of the bone at the site of attachment of a ligament or tendon

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13
Q

Compression fracture

A

Bone buckles and eventually cracks as result of unusual loading force applied to its longitudinal axis

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14
Q

Spiral fracture

A

Fracture faults from twisting force

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15
Q

Stellate fracture

A

Fracture line radiates from one central point

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16
Q

Transverse fracture

A

Fracture line occurs at 90 degree angle of bone

17
Q

Colles fracture

A

Fracture within the last inch of the distal radius; distal fragment is displaced in a position of dorsal and medial deviation

18
Q

Pott fracture

A

Fracture of the distal fibula, seriously disrupting the tibiofibular articulation; a piece of the medial malleolus may be chipped off as result of rupture of the internal lateral ligament

19
Q

Impacted fracture

A

Telescoped fracture with one fragment driven into the other

20
Q

When is the greatest time frame risk to develop a fat embolism after a fracture?

A

In the first 36 hours

21
Q

What is the initial symptom of a fat embolism?

A

Confusion due to hypoxemia

22
Q

Thromboembolism is the most common complication of which fracture

A

A hip fracture

23
Q

What should be included in a neuro vascular assessment of a client with a fracture?

A

Skin color, temperature, sensation, capillary refill, mobility, pain, and pulses should be assessed

24
Q

Clients should not flex hips more than —- degrees following his surgery?

A

90 degrees

25
Q

How long should an amputated limb be elevated for after surgery?

A

First 24 hours

DO NOT elevate amputated limb after 48 hours post op

26
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Chronic systematic progressive deterioration of the connective tissue of the joints characterized by inflammation.
Auto immune disorder

27
Q

Lupus

A

DLE lupus affects skin only
SLE Lupus affects major body organs and can cause them to fail. More prevalent than DLE
Autoimmune disorder

Kidney involvement is the leading cause of death in clients with lupus followed by cardiac involvement

AVOID SUNLIGHT

28
Q

Factors that trigger lupus

A

Sunlight
Stress
Pregnancy
Drugs

29
Q

Nursing assessment with lupus

A 
Butterfly rash (on face)
Joint pain and decreased mobility
Nephritis
Pleural effusion 
Pericarditis 
Abdominal pain
Photo sensitivity 
HTN
30
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Non inflammatory arthritis
Characterized by degeneration of cartilage through a wear and tear process
Usually only affects one or two joints
Occurs asymmetrically
Obesity and overuse are predisposing factors

31
Q

Nursing assessment with osteoarthritis

A

Joint paid that increases with activity and improves with rest
Morning stiffness
Crepitus
Visible joint abnormalities joint enlargement and bony nodules

32
Q

Crepitus

A

Grating sound in the joint

33
Q

Complete fracture

A

A break across the entire cross section of the bone

Hesi Study (12 decks)

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