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med term > reproductive system > Flashcards

reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

where does sperm production begin?

A

seminiferous tubules

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2
Q

where does sperm develop flagellum?

A

epididymis

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3
Q

anorchia

A

congenital absence of one of both testis

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4
Q

azoospermia

A

absence of sperm in semen

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5
Q

balanitis

A

inflammation of glans penis

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6
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

A

enlargement of prostate gland, can cause difficulty of urination

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7
Q

cryptorchidism

A

one or both testis fail to descend into scrotum

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8
Q

epididymitis

A

inflammation of epididymis

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9
Q

erectile dysfunction (ED)

A

inability of male to achieve or maintain penile erection

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10
Q

gynecomastia

A

abnormal breast enlargement in male

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11
Q

hydrocele

A

fluid-filled sac in or around testes

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12
Q

infertility

A

couple unable to achieve pregnancy after a year of unprotected sex

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13
Q

oligospermia

A

abnormally low number of sperm in semen

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14
Q

phimosis

A

opening of foreskin of penis is so narrow that it can’t be retracted to expose glans penis

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15
Q

prostate cancer

A

malignant tumor of prostate

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16
Q

prostatitis

A

inflammation of prostate

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17
Q

prostatorrhea

A

abnormal flow of prostatic fluid discharged through urethra

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18
Q

sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

A

infections transmitted through sexual contact , aka venereal diseases (VD)

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19
Q

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

A

caused by HIV, interferes with immune system

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20
Q

chlamydia

A

bacterial infection, no symptoms, may cause genital pain or discharge

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21
Q

genital warts

A

warts on shaft of penis, caused by HPV

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22
Q

gonorrhea

A

bacterial infection of genital tract, dysuria and pyorrhea, may spread to eye, oral mucosa, rectum, and joints

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23
Q

herpes genitalis

A

infection of skin and mucosa of genitals, caused by HSV, small fluid-filled blisters & ulcers

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24
Q

syphilis

A

can affect any organ of body, chronic

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25
Q

primary syphilis

A

one or more painless sores, must be treated to prevent development into secondary syphilis

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26
Q

secondary syphilis

A

sores on mucous membranes of mouth and anus, lots of symptoms lol

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27
Q

trichomoniasis

A

infection in males, no symptoms, may cause discharge and pain

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28
Q

testicular cancer

A

testes cancer, 15-40 yrs

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29
Q

testicular torsion

A

twisting of spermatic cord, can cutoff blood supply to penis, requires surgery

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30
Q

varicocele

A

varicose vein in spermatic cord; may result in lump/mass in scrotum and infertility

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31
Q

cholesterol level

A

which cholesterol levels may mean erectile dysfunction

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32
Q

culture and sensitivy

A

bacterial cultures to isolate certain bacteria, test antibiotics, and identify causes of STIs

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33
Q

digital rectal examination

A

gloved finger through rectum to check for enlarged prostate

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34
Q

fasting blood sugar

A

test for irregular blood circulation to penis

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35
Q

fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test (FTA-ABS)

A

syphilis blood test

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36
Q

transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS)

A

cytoscope threaded through urethra to examine level of prostate

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37
Q

transurethral prostate biopsy

A

cytoscope threaded through urethra, loop cuts off part of prostate

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38
Q

prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assay

A

determines level of PSA in blood

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39
Q

rapid plasma regain (RPR)

A

screens pregnant woman for syphilis and examines effects of syphilis treatment

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40
Q

semen analysis

A

to determine results of vasectomy

41
Q

cryosurgery

A

removal of infected/abnormal cells or tissue by freezing them

42
Q

electrocautery

A

use of electric current to burn tissue

43
Q

erectile dysfunction drugs (ED)

A

increase blood flow to penis

44
Q

orchiopexy

A

surgical moving of undescended testis into scrotum

45
Q

radial prostatectomy

A

removal of prostate and seminal vesicles

46
Q

transurethral needle ablation (TUNA)

A

needles used to direct radio signals to cause scar tissue and shrink prostate gland

47
Q

transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

A

removal of all or part of prostate through urethra

48
Q

variocelectomy

A

removal of portion of enlarged vein to relieve variocele

49
Q

vasectomy

A

portion of vas deferens removed, sterilization

50
Q

vasovasectomy

A

vas deferens restored, reverse vasectomy

51
Q

abruptio placentae

A

premature detachment of placenta

52
Q

breast cancer

A

malignant tumor of mammary gland

53
Q

candidiasis

A

infection of skin/mucous membrane by candida (yeast)

54
Q

cervical cancer

A

tumor of cervix, malignant, caused by human papillomavirus (HPV)

55
Q

cervical dysplasia

A

abnormal changes at surface of cervix, can lead to cervical cancer; often caused by HPV

56
Q

cystocele

A

hernia of bladder through vaginal wall

57
Q

eclampsia

A

seizures occur in pregnant woman

58
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

zygote implants outside of uterus, like in fallopian tube

59
Q

endometrial cancer

A

cancer of endometrium

60
Q

endometriosis

A

endometrial tissue develops outside of uterus; pelvic pain, infertility, cramping

61
Q

fibrocystic breast changes

A

fibrous, noncancerous, tumors in mammary tissue

62
Q

fibroid tumor

A

benign growth of fibers in uterus; heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, back pain

63
Q

hemolytic disease of the newborn

A

RBCs of newborn break down as antibodies from mother attacked them in womb

64
Q

human papillomavirus (HPV)

A

STI, causes genital warts and cancers

65
Q

mastalgia

A

pain in breast

66
Q

meconium aspiration syndrome

A

early feces aspirated by the baby, can cause distress and breathing issues

67
Q

menometorrhagia

A

irregular/excessive bleeding during menstruation and between menstrual periods

68
Q

menorrhagia

A

excessively heavy menstrual bleeding

69
Q

miscarriage

A

loss of fetus before it’s viable, before 20th week

70
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

A

inflammation of female reproductive organs from gonorrhea and Chlamydia, bacterial infections

71
Q

placenta previa

A

placenta implants at lower end of uterus, obstructing neck of uterus

72
Q

polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

A

abnormal menstrual cycle, excessive facial/body hair, cysts in the ovaries

73
Q

preeclampsia

A

toxemia of pregnancy; hypertension, headaches, albuminuria, edema

74
Q

premenstrual syndrome

A

symptoms that occur days before menstruation

75
Q

prolapsed uterus

A

downward displacement of uterus; causes protrusion into uterus or out of vagina

76
Q

pseudocyesis

A

female believes she is pregnant and experiences some symptoms, is not pregnant

77
Q

pyosalpinx

A

fallopian tubes filled with pus; symptom of PID

78
Q

rectocele

A

herniation of large intrusion through posterior vagina

79
Q

stillbirth

A

death and delivery of fetus after 20 weeks of pregnancy

80
Q

TSS

A

bacteria from using tampons too long; high fever, headache, confusion, seizures, organ failure

81
Q

amniocentesis

A

puncture of amniotic sac to assess genetics and development of fetus using amniotic fluid sample

82
Q

chorionic villi sampling

A

removal of part of chorionic villi (wispy projections of placenta) tests for chromosomal defects of fetus

83
Q

colposcopy

A

ecam of vagina, selecting epithelial tissue for biopsy if abnormal Pap test results

84
Q

culdoscopy

A

scope exam of internal organs, diagnosis ectopic pregnancy and salpingitis

85
Q

endometrial biopsy

A

excision of endometrium; tests for uterine cancer and PCOS

86
Q

hysterosalpingography

A

x-rays after dye injected; diagnose blockages of fallopian tubes

87
Q

Pap test

A

exam for cancerous or precancerous cells in cervix or vagina

88
Q

colporrhaphy

A

surgical repair of vaginal wall

89
Q

conization

A

excision of cone shapes section of diseased cervical tissue

90
Q

dilation and curettage

A

cervix is dilated and tissue removed from uterine wall

91
Q

episiotomy

A

incision made into perineum during second stage of labor

92
Q

hysterectomy

A

surgical removal of uterus

93
Q

lumpectomy

A

removal of tumor or abn tissue in breast

94
Q

tubal ligation

A

tying off fallopian tubes

95
Q

abortifacient

A

terminates pregnancy

96
Q

fertility drugs

A

stimulates ovulation

97
Q

hormone replacement therapy

A

replaces hormones secreted by ovaries; menopasue or oophorectomy

98
Q

oral contraceptive pills

A

prevents ovulation and conception

99
Q

oxytocin

A

stimulates labor and facilitates contractions and mammary glands to make milk

med term (15 decks)

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