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reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

where does sperm production begin?

A

seminiferous tubules

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2
Q

where does sperm develop flagellum?

A

epididymis

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3
Q

anorchia

A

congenital absence of one of both testis

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4
Q

azoospermia

A

absence of sperm in semen

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5
Q

balanitis

A

inflammation of glans penis

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6
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

A

enlargement of prostate gland, can cause difficulty of urination

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7
Q

cryptorchidism

A

one or both testis fail to descend into scrotum

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8
Q

epididymitis

A

inflammation of epididymis

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9
Q

erectile dysfunction (ED)

A

inability of male to achieve or maintain penile erection

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10
Q

gynecomastia

A

abnormal breast enlargement in male

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11
Q

hydrocele

A

fluid-filled sac in or around testes

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12
Q

infertility

A

couple unable to achieve pregnancy after a year of unprotected sex

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13
Q

oligospermia

A

abnormally low number of sperm in semen

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14
Q

phimosis

A

opening of foreskin of penis is so narrow that it can’t be retracted to expose glans penis

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15
Q

prostate cancer

A

malignant tumor of prostate

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16
Q

prostatitis

A

inflammation of prostate

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17
Q

prostatorrhea

A

abnormal flow of prostatic fluid discharged through urethra

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18
Q

sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

A

infections transmitted through sexual contact , aka venereal diseases (VD)

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19
Q

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

A

caused by HIV, interferes with immune system

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20
Q

chlamydia

A

bacterial infection, no symptoms, may cause genital pain or discharge

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21
Q

genital warts

A

warts on shaft of penis, caused by HPV

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22
Q

gonorrhea

A

bacterial infection of genital tract, dysuria and pyorrhea, may spread to eye, oral mucosa, rectum, and joints

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23
Q

herpes genitalis

A

infection of skin and mucosa of genitals, caused by HSV, small fluid-filled blisters & ulcers

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24
Q

syphilis

A

can affect any organ of body, chronic

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25
primary syphilis
one or more painless sores, must be treated to prevent development into secondary syphilis
26
secondary syphilis
sores on mucous membranes of mouth and anus, lots of symptoms lol
27
trichomoniasis
infection in males, no symptoms, may cause discharge and pain
28
testicular cancer
testes cancer, 15-40 yrs
29
testicular torsion
twisting of spermatic cord, can cutoff blood supply to penis, requires surgery
30
varicocele
varicose vein in spermatic cord; may result in lump/mass in scrotum and infertility
31
cholesterol level
which cholesterol levels may mean erectile dysfunction
32
culture and sensitivy
bacterial cultures to isolate certain bacteria, test antibiotics, and identify causes of STIs
33
digital rectal examination
gloved finger through rectum to check for enlarged prostate
34
fasting blood sugar
test for irregular blood circulation to penis
35
fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test (FTA-ABS)
syphilis blood test
36
transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS)
cytoscope threaded through urethra to examine level of prostate
37
transurethral prostate biopsy
cytoscope threaded through urethra, loop cuts off part of prostate
38
prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assay
determines level of PSA in blood
39
rapid plasma regain (RPR)
screens pregnant woman for syphilis and examines effects of syphilis treatment
40
semen analysis
to determine results of vasectomy
41
cryosurgery
removal of infected/abnormal cells or tissue by freezing them
42
electrocautery
use of electric current to burn tissue
43
erectile dysfunction drugs (ED)
increase blood flow to penis
44
orchiopexy
surgical moving of undescended testis into scrotum
45
radial prostatectomy
removal of prostate and seminal vesicles
46
transurethral needle ablation (TUNA)
needles used to direct radio signals to cause scar tissue and shrink prostate gland
47
transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
removal of all or part of prostate through urethra
48
variocelectomy
removal of portion of enlarged vein to relieve variocele
49
vasectomy
portion of vas deferens removed, sterilization
50
vasovasectomy
vas deferens restored, reverse vasectomy
51
abruptio placentae
premature detachment of placenta
52
breast cancer
malignant tumor of mammary gland
53
candidiasis
infection of skin/mucous membrane by candida (yeast)
54
cervical cancer
tumor of cervix, malignant, caused by human papillomavirus (HPV)
55
cervical dysplasia
abnormal changes at surface of cervix, can lead to cervical cancer; often caused by HPV
56
cystocele
hernia of bladder through vaginal wall
57
eclampsia
seizures occur in pregnant woman
58
ectopic pregnancy
zygote implants outside of uterus, like in fallopian tube
59
endometrial cancer
cancer of endometrium
60
endometriosis
endometrial tissue develops outside of uterus; pelvic pain, infertility, cramping
61
fibrocystic breast changes
fibrous, noncancerous, tumors in mammary tissue
62
fibroid tumor
benign growth of fibers in uterus; heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, back pain
63
hemolytic disease of the newborn
RBCs of newborn break down as antibodies from mother attacked them in womb
64
human papillomavirus (HPV)
STI, causes genital warts and cancers
65
mastalgia
pain in breast
66
meconium aspiration syndrome
early feces aspirated by the baby, can cause distress and breathing issues
67
menometorrhagia
irregular/excessive bleeding during menstruation and between menstrual periods
68
menorrhagia
excessively heavy menstrual bleeding
69
miscarriage
loss of fetus before it's viable, before 20th week
70
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
inflammation of female reproductive organs from gonorrhea and Chlamydia, bacterial infections
71
placenta previa
placenta implants at lower end of uterus, obstructing neck of uterus
72
polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
abnormal menstrual cycle, excessive facial/body hair, cysts in the ovaries
73
preeclampsia
toxemia of pregnancy; hypertension, headaches, albuminuria, edema
74
premenstrual syndrome
symptoms that occur days before menstruation
75
prolapsed uterus
downward displacement of uterus; causes protrusion into uterus or out of vagina
76
pseudocyesis
female believes she is pregnant and experiences some symptoms, is not pregnant
77
pyosalpinx
fallopian tubes filled with pus; symptom of PID
78
rectocele
herniation of large intrusion through posterior vagina
79
stillbirth
death and delivery of fetus after 20 weeks of pregnancy
80
TSS
bacteria from using tampons too long; high fever, headache, confusion, seizures, organ failure
81
amniocentesis
puncture of amniotic sac to assess genetics and development of fetus using amniotic fluid sample
82
chorionic villi sampling
removal of part of chorionic villi (wispy projections of placenta) tests for chromosomal defects of fetus
83
colposcopy
ecam of vagina, selecting epithelial tissue for biopsy if abnormal Pap test results
84
culdoscopy
scope exam of internal organs, diagnosis ectopic pregnancy and salpingitis
85
endometrial biopsy
excision of endometrium; tests for uterine cancer and PCOS
86
hysterosalpingography
x-rays after dye injected; diagnose blockages of fallopian tubes
87
Pap test
exam for cancerous or precancerous cells in cervix or vagina
88
colporrhaphy
surgical repair of vaginal wall
89
conization
excision of cone shapes section of diseased cervical tissue
90
dilation and curettage
cervix is dilated and tissue removed from uterine wall
91
episiotomy
incision made into perineum during second stage of labor
92
hysterectomy
surgical removal of uterus
93
lumpectomy
removal of tumor or abn tissue in breast
94
tubal ligation
tying off fallopian tubes
95
abortifacient
terminates pregnancy
96
fertility drugs
stimulates ovulation
97
hormone replacement therapy
replaces hormones secreted by ovaries; menopasue or oophorectomy
98
oral contraceptive pills
prevents ovulation and conception
99
oxytocin
stimulates labor and facilitates contractions and mammary glands to make milk

med term (15 decks)

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