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zoot > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

male sex hormones

A

testosterone

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2
Q

Produces and stores the male reproductive cells

A

spermatozoa

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3
Q

External Organs/Parts

A

Scrotum, Penis, Prepuce

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4
Q

Internal Organs/Parts

A

Testes, Ducts, Accessory glands

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5
Q

Pouch or diverticulum of the abdomen, Containing the Testes and serving as a thermoregulator.

A

Scrotum

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6
Q

Double Muscular System

A

External cremaster and Tunica dartos

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7
Q

loop system of veins and arteries that allows heat exchange.

A

Pampiniform plexus

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8
Q

Organ of copulation in males.

A

Penis

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9
Q

free extremity; soft terminal portion of the penis.

A

Glans Penis

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10
Q

main portion; formed by the urethra and the erectile tissue

A

Body

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11
Q

roots/ pizzle eye, attached to the ischial arch of the pelvis; beginning portion is the bulbourethral muscle

A

Crura

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12
Q

curving of the penis, which reduces the length of the non-erect penis to 1/3

A

Sigmoid flexure

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13
Q

spongy areas near the glans; engorges with blood to cause erection and extension during the copulation

A

Corpora cavernosa

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14
Q

spongy tissue surrounding the urethra Male Reproductive System

A

Corpus spongiosum

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15
Q

ruminants and swine

A

Fibroelastic penis

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16
Q

horse

A

Musculocavernous penis

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17
Q

Enlarged blunt concave body

A

equine

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18
Q

Tapering with a twist clockwise

A

bovine

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19
Q

Corkscrew shaped

A

porcine

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20
Q

Very long, extending to the length of os penis

A

canine

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21
Q

Irregular shaped with filiform urethral process

A

Ovine/Caprine

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22
Q

Cornified spine

A

Feline

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23
Q

Invagination of the skin enclosing the free extremity of the retracted penis and its opening is covered by coarse hairs

A

Prepuce

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24
Q

a sac dorsal to the prepuce.

A

Preputial diverticulum – a sac dorsal to the prepuce.

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25
Q

mixture of fatty secretion, cast of epithelial cells and bacteria.

A

Smegma

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26
Q

male gonads; primary sex organs, suspended by the spermatic cord, produce male hormones or androgens in the microscopic interstitial cells located between the seminiferous tubules.

A

Testes

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27
Q

basement membrane

A

Seminiferous tubules

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28
Q

network of tubules connected to the
seminiferous tubules.

A

Rete testis

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29
Q

connected the rete testis and epididymis;
collectively forms the epididymal duct.

A

Efferent ductules

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30
Q

Within the Seminiferous:

A

Sertoli cells, Spermatogonia, Spermatocytes, Spermatozoon

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31
Q

sustentacular cells, “nurse
cells”, provide nourishment and support to
developing sperm cells.

A

Sertoli cells

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31
Q

undifferentiated male
germ cells

A

Spermatogonia

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32
Q

1° and 2 ° § Spermatids

A

Spermatocytes

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33
Q

fully differentiated, motile
sperm cell

A

Spermatozoon

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34
Q

Between tubules:

A

Leydig cells

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35
Q

produce and secrete
testosterone and other androgens important
for sexual development and puberty,
secondary sexual characteristics.

A

Leydig cells

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36
Q

composed of the long, convoluted
epididymal duct that connects the efferent
ductules of the testis with ducts deferens.
Houses the spermatozoa as they mature
before they are expelled by ejaculation

A

Epididymis

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37
Q

Epididymis, divided into:

A

head, body, tail

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38
Q

connected to the efferent
ductules

A

head

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39
Q

lying on the long axis of the
testis

A

body

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40
Q

lying lowest to the scrotum

A

tail

41
Q

Also known as vas deferens
- undergoes peristaltic contractions during
ejaculation, propelling the spermatozoa from
the epididymis to the urethra

A

Ductus Deferens

42
Q

a tube passing thru the penis to the outside
of the body
serves both reproductive and urinary
systems

A

Urethra

43
Q

Accessory Glands

A

Ampullae, Vesicular Glands, Prostate Gland, Bulbourethral Gland

44
Q

glandular enlargements
associated with the terminal parts of
the ductus deferential; contribute
volume to the semen

A

Ampullae

45
Q

seminal vesicles;
paired glands associated with the
genital fold; located on the floor of the
pelvis cranial and lateral to ampulla
and neck of the bladder; source of
fructose, ascorbic acid, citric acid

A

Vesicular Glands

46
Q

located caudal or
around the bladder or cranial portion of
the pelvic urethra; secretes alkaline
solution; clean and lubricate the
urethra during pre-coital

A

Prostate Gland

47
Q

Cowper’s
glands; located in the bulbourethral
muscle

A

Bulbourethral Gland

48
Q

removal of the testes of
the male animal

A

Castration

49
Q

absence of one or
both testes from the scrotum

A

Cryptorchidism

50
Q

transection (ligation
and/or removal of a section) of the
ductus deferens.

A

Vasectomy

51
Q

Female RS, External Genitalia

A

Vestibule, Vulva

52
Q

Female RS, Internal Organs

A

Vagina, Uterus, Uterine tubes, Ovaries

53
Q

portion of the reproductive tract between the
vagina and the external genitalia

A

Vestibule

54
Q

external genitalia of the female; comprises
right and left labia

A

Vulva

55
Q

a structure of erectile tissue that
has the same embryonic origin as the penis
in the male.

A

Clitoris

56
Q

lies within the pelvis between the uterus
cranially and the vulva caudally site of semen
deposition during copulation passageway for
fetal and placental delivery

A

Vagina

57
Q

opening into the bladder
on the floor of the vagina; located posterior to
the site of the hymen

A

Urethral orifice

58
Q

transverse fold that separates the
anterior from the posterior vagina; expanded
at the time of first copulation

A

hymen

59
Q

Uterus consists of?

A

body, cervix (neck), 2 horns

60
Q

– incubator of zygote

A

fetal development

61
Q

in the pig (sow), dog (bitch),
and cat (queen)
- well developed uterine horn

A

Bicornuate

62
Q

in the ox (cow), sheep (ewe),
and horse (mare)
- well developed uterine body

A

Bipartite

63
Q

in the primate
- a uterus consisting of a single cavity

A

Simplex

64
Q

in the rabbit (doe) and rodent
- uterine horns are completely separated and
have separate cervices opening into the
vagina

A

Duplex

65
Q
  • wide fold of peritoneum that connects the
    sides of the uterus to the walls and floor of
    the pelvis
A

Uterus – Broad Ligament

66
Q

the mesentery of the
uterus; the largest portion of the broad
ligament

A

Mesometrium

67
Q

the mesentery of the
Fallopian tube

A

Mesosalpinx

68
Q

the mesentery of the ovaries

A

Mesovarium

69
Q
  • neck of the uterus
  • sphincter like structure, serves as a
    muscular “valve” that keeps the uterus sealed
    off from the vagina most of the time
  • during estrus the cervix relaxes slightly,
  • permitting spermatozoa to enter the uterus
A

Cervix

70
Q

series of circular ridges
rings on the inner surface of the cervix; in
ruminants and sow

A

annular folds

71
Q

archlike structure formed by
the projecting cervix, in mares

A

Vaginal fornix

72
Q

tunica muscularis; the
muscular portion of the uterine wall;
increases in size during pregnancy

A

Myometrium

73
Q

– innermost lining layer of
the uterus, to prevent adhesions between the
opposed walls of the myometrium; highly
glandular tissue that varies in thickness and
vascularity with hormonal changes in the
ovary and with pregnancy

A

Endometrium

74
Q

mushroom like nonglandular projections found at the inner
surfaces of the uterine horn and body;
provide a site of attachment for the fetal
membranes

A

Caruncles

75
Q

circular structures
distributed in ruminant placenta

A

Cotyledon

76
Q
  • sperm capacitation
  • fertilization
  • embryo cleavage
A

Fallopian tube/ Oviducts

77
Q

funnel like structure that
pick up the ovulated egg

A

Infundibulum

78
Q

fringe-like margin of the
infundibulum

A

Fimbria

79
Q

site of fertilization

A

Ampulla

80
Q

constricted portion of the
oviduct after the ampulla

A

Isthmus

81
Q

modified skin gland

A

Mammary Gland

82
Q

collective term applied to all the
mammary glands in ruminants and horse.

A

Udder

83
Q

secretory unit

A

Alveolus

84
Q

narrow passage from the lactiferous
sinus to the exterior

A

Papillary duct or teat canal

85
Q

building-up phase; ovarian
follicle (under the influence of FSH and LH)
enlarges and begins to secrete estrogens

A

Proestrus

86
Q

period of sexual receptivity, is
primarily initiated by the elevation in
estrogens from mature follicles just prior to
ovulation; standing heat

A

Estrus

87
Q

end of sexual receptivity,
postovulatory phase dominated by corpus
luteum function; serum estrogens decrease
and progesterone increases

A

Metestrus

88
Q

short period of sexual inactivity
between recurrent periods of estrus

A

Diestrus

89
Q

long periods between cycles of
polyestrous animals that stop cycling (e.g.,
due to change in season) enter a long period
of inactivity

A

Anestrus

90
Q

preovulatory increase in estrogens
from developing follicles is the
primary event that brings about
ovulation, e.g., rabbit, ferret, mink,
camel, llama, and alpaca

A

Spontaneous ovulators

91
Q

the final preovulatory surge of GnRH, and
subsequent LH surge, is apparently
dependent on a neural reflex
elicited by vaginal stimulation, e.g.,
rodents, koala, cats

A

Induced ovulators

92
Q

condition of a female animal while young are developing
within her uterus

A

Pregnancy

93
Q

the stage of pregnancy at which the embryo
adheres to the wall of the uterus

A

Implantation

94
Q

the development of
fetal membranes

A

Placentation

95
Q

only the left side develops;
mature ovum = egg yolk

A

Ovary

96
Q

site of fertilization in avian

A

Infundibulum

97
Q

ampulla, secretes majority
of albumen

A

Magnum

98
Q

secretes some albumen and the shell membranes

A

Isthmus

99
Q

shell gland

A

Uterus

99
Q

shell gland

A

Uterus

100
Q

secretes the egg’s outer
cuticle and possibly the shell pigment

A

Vagina

zoot (9 decks)

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