Reproductive system Flashcards
What is a gamete?
Haploid sex cell
What is a male gamete called?
Spermatozoa
What is a female gamete called?
Oocyte or ovum
What are gametes produced by?
Gonads
What are the male gonads?
Testes
What are the female gonads?
Ovaries
What happens during normal fertilization?
Ovum goes from ovary to ampulla of uterine tube and many spermatozoa goes from testis ti vagina
Where does the pelvic cavity lie?
Within the bony pelvis between the pelvic inlet and pelvic outlet
What is the pelvic cavity continuous with?
Abdominal cavity
What is the pelvic floor(also known as pelvic diaphragm)?
Internal wall of skeletal muscle that separates the pelvic cavity and the perineum
What is the perineum?
Inferior to pelvic floor, situated between the proximal parts of the lower limbs
What is the pelvic roof/peritoneum?
Firmly attached to walls, drapes over pelvic cavity, lowest point in peritineal cavity
What gathers in the pelvic roof/peritoneum?
Fluid
What is the peritoneal cavity?
The space between visceral and parietal cavity
What structure is the most inferior part of the peritoneal cavity in an upright female?
The pouch of Douglas
What is the pouch of douglas?
Double folding of the peritoneum between the rectum and the posterior wall of the uterus
What is the utero-vesicle pouch?
Double folding of the peritoneum between the anterior surface of the uterus and the bladder
What are the 3 layers of the uterus wall?
Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium
What are the 2 common uterus positions?
Anteverted and anteflexed
What does anteverted mean?
Cervix tipped anteriorly relative to axis of the vagina
What does anteflexed mean?
Uterus tipped anteriorly relative to the axis of the cervix
Where do ovaries develop?
On the posterior abdominal wall
What 2 things do ovaries secrete in response to pituitary hormones?
Oestrogen and progesterone
Where does the ovarian artery come from/
Posterior abdominal wall
What does the internal iliac artery do?
Supplies most of the blood supply to organs in the pelvis and some aspects of the perineum
Where does fertilization occur?
Ampulla
Where does implantation occur?
Body of uterus
What is an ectopic pregnancy?
When a fertilized ovum implants outside the uterine cavity
What is the name for female sterilisation?
Tubal ligation
What are the male reproductive organs?
Testes, accessory reproductive organs
What are the accessory reproductive organs in males?
Vas deferens, prostate gland and penis
What is the retrovesical pouch?
The double folding of the peritoneum located between the rectum and the bladder
Where do the testes originate during development?
On the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity
What happens to the testes by birth?
Descend into the scrotum through anterior abdominal wall
Where are sperm produced?
In seminiferous tubules
What is the pathway of sperm?
Pass to rete testis then into head of epididymis
epidiymis becomes vas deferens
What does the spermatic cord contain?
Vas deferens, testicular artery and pampiniform plexus of veins
What is torsion of the testis?
Twisting of the spermatic cord, disrupts blood supply
What is a form of male sterilisation?
Vasectomy
