Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medicine - year 1 > Musculoskeletal system > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

What are articular branches?

A

Arteries supplying joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What can arteries supplying joints be damaged by?

A

Dislocations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 3 types of joint classification?

A

Synovial
Cartilaginous
Fibrous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 2 types of fibrous joints?

A

Syndesomes
Sutures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do syndesomes do?

A

Unite bones with fibrous sheet fibrous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where are sutures located?

A

Between bones of skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are fontanelles?

A

Wide structures in the neonatal skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 3 types of fontanelles?

A

Anterior fontanelles
Lateral fontanelles
posterior fontanelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of fontanelles?

A

Allows growing frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital bones to slide over each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 2 types of cartilaginous joint?

A

Primary cartilaginous
Secondary cartilaginous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are synovial joints?

A

2 or more bones articulating with each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the articulated surfaces of synovial joints covered in?

A

Hyaline cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do synovial joints contain?

A

A joint cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does a joint cavity in a synovial joint contain?

A

Synovial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the purpose of synovial fluid?

A

to cushion, nourish and lubricate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are synovial joints supported by?

A

Ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are synovial joints associated with?

A

Skeletal muscles and their tendons and bursae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the purpose of bursae?

A

Prevent friction around a joint

19
Q

What are the 5 subtypes of synovial joints?

A

Pivot
Biaxial
Ball + socket
Plane
Hinge

20
Q

What has greater mobility but lesser stability of the hip joint?

A

The shoulder joint

21
Q

Why does the shoulder joint have a greater mobility but lesser stability than the hip joint?

A

As the ball and socket of hip joint is a much tighter fit than the ball and socket of the shoulder joint

22
Q

What is subluxation?

A

Reduced area of contact between articular surfaces

23
Q

What is dislocation?

A

Complete loss of contact between articular surfaces

24
Q

Where is skeletal muscle usually found?

A

Deep to deep fascia

25
Q

What do skeletal muscles do?

A

Produce movement

26
Q

What are the names of the 2 points of attachment to bone?

A

Origin and insertion

27
Q

What is the origin attachment to bone?

A

Most proximal part and is attached to an immovable bone

28
Q

What is the insertion attachment to bone?

A

Attached to a movable bone on the other side

29
Q

What do tendons do?

A

Attach muscle to bone

30
Q

Where are tendons found?

A

Either end of the muscle and non-contractile

31
Q

What is aponeurosis?

A

A flattened tendon

32
Q

What is the role of aponeurosis?

A

Attach muscle to soft tissue

33
Q

What are reflexes described as being?

A

Protective and automatic

34
Q

What are the 2 main muscle reflexes?

A

Stretch and flexion withdrawal

35
Q

Describe a reflex arc

A

Sensory nerve (muscle) detects stretch and tells spinal cord
The motor nerve from the spinal cord passes the message to contract
Neuromuscular junction is the synapse where the motor nerve communicates with skeletal muscle

36
Q

What are 4 examples of deep tendon reflexes?

A

Biceps jerk
Triceps jerk
Knee jerk
Ankle jerk

37
Q

What is the neuromuscular junction?

A

The synapse where the motor nerve communicates with the skeletal muscle

38
Q

What is the name given to the whole route taken by the action potential called?

A

Reflex arc

39
Q

What is the flexion withdrawal reflex?

A

Touch something potentially damaging causing sudden flexion to withdraw from the danger

40
Q

What is muscle strain?

A

Overstretched, torn or twisted muscle

41
Q

What is muscle paralysis?

A

A muscle without a functioning motor nerve supply - can’t contract and would therefore have a reduced tone

42
Q

What is muscle spasticity?

A

Muscle has intact and functioning motor nerve but the descending controls from the brain aren’t working

43
Q

What is muscular atrophy?

A

Wasting of the muscle through inactivity - myocytes become smaller

Medicine - year 1 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions