reproductive system Flashcards
label the diagram of the female reproductive system and state the function of A,B,C and E
Gametes differ from normal cells as they contain half the number of chromosomes found in other body cells
True / False
True
label the following diagram
explain how sperms and female eggs are adapted to its function
label the following diagram
explain how the placenta is adapted to its function
- having a large surface area and a thin wall for efficient diffusion
- he placenta acts as a barrier to prevent toxins and pathogens getting into the foetus’s blood
Stimulates release of an egg from the ovary (ovulation) in females and testosterone production in males
the pituitary gland
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Stimulates development of an egg follicle in the ovary and oestrogen release from the ovary
the pituitary gland
follicle stimulating hormone
Controls sperm production and the development of male secondary sexual characteristics
The testes testosterone hormone (TS)
Keeps the uterus lining thickened during the menstrual cycle
the ovarieshormone progesterone
Controls the development of female secondary sexual characteristics
the ovaries
hormone oestrogen
What causes the uterine lining to break down (menstruation / ‘period’)
a fall in progesterone levels
What causes an egg to start maturing in the ovary?
the release of FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) by the pituitary gland
What stimulates the ovaries to start releasing oestrogen?
FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) that is released by the pituitary glan
What causes the uterine wall to start thickening ? and at which day?
what causes the uterine lining to thicken further? and at which day?
what causes the uterine lining to break down (menstruation / ‘period’)? and at which day?
What causes ovulation ? at what day?
What causes the uterine wall to start thickening ? and at which day?
Oestrogen - start from day 1 to before day 14
what causes the uterine lining to thicken further? and at which day?
Progesterone start to rise once ovulation has occurred after day 14
what causes the uterine lining to break down (menstruation / ‘period’)? and at which day?
the fall in progesterone levels
What causes ovulation ? at what day?
LH - day 14
What hormones inhibits the FSH and LH production from the pituitary gland ?
oestrogen
progesterone
What hormone causes the uterine wall to start thickening and the egg to mature?
Oestrogen
What stimulates the release of LH from the pituitary gland?
high levels of oestrogen
What causes the progesterone levels to drop?
If the ovum is not fertilised, and the corpus luteum breaks down
What causes the menstruation?
If the ovum is not fertilised, the corpus luteum breaks down and progesterone levels drop, the uterus lining breaks down and is removed through the vagina
What happen to progesterone If pregnancy does occur ?
the corpus luteum continues to produce progesterone , preventing the uterus lining from breaking down and aborting the pregnancy.
It does this until the placenta has developed, at which point it starts secreting progesterone and continues to do so throughout the pregnancy
describe the Interaction between all four of the menstrual cycle hormones
The pituitary gland produces FSH which stimulates the development of a follicle in the ovary
An egg develops inside the follicle and the follicle produces the hormone oestrogen
Oestrogen causes growth and repair of the lining of the uterus wall and inhibits production of FSH
When oestrogen rises to a high enough level it stimulates the release of LH from the pituitary gland which causes ovulation (usually around day 14 of the cycle)
The follicle becomes the corpus luteum and starts producing progesterone
Progesterone maintains the uterus lining (the thickness of the uterus wall)
If the ovum is not fertilised, the corpus luteum breaks down and progesterone levels drop
This causes menstruation, where the uterus lining breaks down and is removed through the vagina - commonly known as having a period
If pregnancy does occur the corpus luteum continues to produce progesterone, preventing the uterus lining from breaking down and aborting the pregnancy
It does this until the placenta has developed, at which point it starts secreting progesterone and continues to do so throughout the pregnancy
Which hormone trigger follicles to grow?
FSH
what is Ovulation ?
releasing the egg from a fmature ollicle
phases
what do the levels of progesterone start increasing?
A. If the ovum is not fertilised
B. after the day 14 of ovulation when the follicle becomes the corpus luteum
V. when an egg develops inside the follicle
B. after the day 14 of ovulation when the follicle becomes the corpus luteum
what hormone stimulates the development of a follicle in the ovary?
what hormone causes the which causes ovulation?
what hormone stimulates the development of a follicle in the ovary?
FSH
what hormone causes the which causes ovulation?
LH
when do the levels of oestrogen start increasing?
A. when an egg develops inside the follicle
B. when the follicle becomes the corpus luteum
C. If the ovum is not fertilised
A. when an egg develops inside the follicle
What happens to FSH when oestrogen is produced?
A. FSH is inhibited
B. FSH is produced more
FSH is inhibited
What happens to oestrogen when FSH is released?
A. oestrogen is produced
B. progesterone is produced
C. LH is produced
oestrogen is produced
what stimulates the progesterone to be produced?
when the follicle becomes the corpus luteum
what happens when an egg develops inside the follicle?
A. The pituitary gland produces FSH
B. the follicle produces the hormone oestrogen
C. This causes menstruation
D. The pituitary gland produces LH
B. the follicle produces the hormone oestrogen
