chemical coordination

Question 1

Prepares the body for physical activity (“fight or flight”)

Answer 1

adrenal glands 
Adrenaline hormone (AH)

Question 2

Controls water reabsorption into the blood by the kidney

Answer 2

pituitary gland
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 3

Controls sperm production and the development of male secondary sexual characteristics

Answer 3

The testes 
testosterone hormone (TS)

Question 4

Control the levels of blood glucose (raise or lower it)

Answer 4

pancreas
insulin (lower)
hormone Glucagon (raises )

Question 5

Stimulates development of an egg follicle in the ovary and oestrogen release from the ovary

Answer 5

the pituitary gland
Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 6

Stimulates release of an egg from the ovary (ovulation) in females and testosterone production in males

Answer 6

the pituitary gland

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 7

Controls the rate of metabolism in the body

Answer 7

The thyroid
Thyroid hormone (TH)

Question 8

Keeps the uterus lining thickened during the menstrual cycle

Answer 8

the ovaries

hormone progesterone

Question 9

Controls the development of female secondary sexual characteristics

Answer 9

the ovaries

hormone oestrogen

Question 10

How does the hormone know what is its target organ?

Answer 10

cells from target organ have a specific receptor for the hormone binds and causes its effects

Question 11

Mention 3 differences between the nervous system and the Endocrine system

Answer 11

1. The Nervous system works by nerve impulses transmitted through nerve cells. Where endocrine system works by hormones transmitted through the bloodstream.
2. nerve impulses travel fast and have instant effect. in endocrine system hormones travel more slowly and generally take longer to act.
3. in nervous system response is usually short-lived , but in endocrine response is usually longer-lasting

Question 12

Mention 3 differences between the nervous system and the Endocrine system

Answer 12

1. The Nervous system works by nerve impulses transmitted through nerve cells. Where endocrine system works by hormones transmitted through the bloodstream.
2. nerve impulses travel fast and have instant effect. in endocrine system hormones travel more slowly and generally take longer to act.
3. in nervous system response is usually short-lived , but in endocrine response is usually longer-lasting.
4. nervous system : effects are localised , in endocrine effects can be widespread and happen in different organs.

Question 13

controls the body’s metabolic rate

Answer 13

thyroid

thyroxine hormone

Question 14

The liver cells contain carbohydrate in the form of ……………..

Answer 14

glycogen

Question 15

……………… is made from long chains of glucose sub-units joint together forming a large insoluble molecule

Answer 15

glycogen

Question 16

when the body is short of glucose, the ………. can be broken down into …………….. which then passes into the bloodstream.

Answer 16

when the body is short of glucose, the glycogen can be broken down into glucose which then passes into the bloodstream.