Reproductive surgery (Female) Flashcards
Age to neuter
Pre-pubertal
Before 1stoestrus.
Mammary neoplasiaprotection highest (>90%).
Post-pubertal
After 1st oestrus.
Behavioural,
Health reasons e.g. Pyometra
When NOT to spay (bitch) and why
Oestrus Best to wait 2-3+ months after as it increases risk complications such as haemorrhage and friable tissue
What stage of bitch’s cycle is best to spay
ANOESTRUS
Name of the approach when performing canine OVH
Ventral midline
Name of the approach when performing feline OVH
Left Flank or Ventral Midline
Benefit some canine OVH- Medical
Pyometra/Uterine neoplasia
Mammary neoplasia is most common malignant tumour in female dogs
Vaginal prolapse/neoplasia
Benefit some canine OVH- Behavioral
Oestrus behaviour/signs
Pseudopregnancy
Landmarks of canine OVH first incision
Umbilicus + Pubis,
Length between and divide into 3
Incise cranial two thirds.
Landmarks of canine OVH first incision when it comes to deep chested
more cranial
Landmarks of canine OVH first incision when it comes to puppies
more caudal
Which part of the bitch OVH is limiting factor
Ovarian pedical exposure- The right pedical is deeper and more cranial
Length of incision
6-8cm
Should scapel be facing up or down when entering abdomen and angle
Reverse scalpel blade, 45 degree
Differentiation between uterus or intestine
Trace it – caudal for bifurcation (cranial for ovary).
Blood vessels:
Uterus – parallel.
Intestine – perpendicular.
Type of knots used to ligate uterine body
Surgeons
Modified Millers
Transfixing.
Ideal number of ligatures used to ligate ligament
Minimum 1 but ideal 2
Where do you transect after ligating and clamping
Always between 2 clamps,
2nd clamp on proper ligament,
Cut along lowest clamp.
Describe order of Standard 3-layer closure in abdominal
- Muscle (linea alba),
2.Subcut, - Skin.
What layer of the linea alba you MUST take a bite when suturing
External rectal sheath
Pattern to close linea alba
Simple interrupted,
Cruciate,
Continuous:
Characteristic of suture material used to close linea alba
Absorbable, long lasting as it takes 6 weeks for muscle to heal
Benefits of ventral midline approach in feline OVH
Easier (open/close)?
Best if pregnant, overweight
Better exposure of abdomen.
When do I use left flank approach in feline OVH
Easier for post-op woundmonitoring
Best if recently lactating
Landmarks for Left flank approach
Draw a right angled triangle along Iliac crest + greater trochanter
Landmarks for Ventral midline (Feline)
Umbilicus + pubis
Middle 1/3:
More caudal compared to bitch
Incision length – ≤2-2.5cm
Name some common complications of OVH
Ovarian Remnant Syndrome (ORS)
Stump Pyometra
Chronic Pseudopregnancy
Can I spay during the pseudoprgancny
No!
