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3.19 Repro > Canine and Feline Fertility > Flashcards

Canine and Feline Fertility Flashcards

1
Q

When do female dogs reach sexual maturity

A

On average come into season every 6-9 months
Large breeds can be later – can be closer to a year

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2
Q

Signs of a season

A

Swollen vulva
Bleeding (variability seen with amount)
Licking themselves excessively
Male dogs paying attention to their back end

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3
Q

Female Fertility – Optimal time to mate

A

From day of ovulation until 4 days after ovulation

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4
Q

How do we know when ovulation has occurred?

A

Between 9 and 14 days after onset of pro-oestrus
Vaginal cytology – change to cell morphology
Monitoring hormone concentrations – easiest one to measure is progesterone

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5
Q

What is the most common cause for infertility

A

Breeding at the wrong time

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6
Q

What hormone is easiest to measure for determining pregnancy in dog

A

Progesterone

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7
Q

‘Heat’ compromises of which two stages of the bitches cycle

A

Proestrous (7-9 days) and oestrous (7-9 days)

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8
Q

Briefly describe the progesterone test for dogs (to see when they are in heat)

A

Multiple tests within one kit
Blood sample required - daily or every other day
Serum used to run test
Progesterone increases rapidly 2 days before ovulation
5-8ng/ml at time of ovulation
Colour change of serum determines progesterone level.
Once exceeds 10ng/ml – test will interpret result as mate immediately

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9
Q

Appropriate age to breed a bitch

A

2- 3 years old

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10
Q

How do we determine the dog is a good candidate to breed

A

Conformation/body shape
Congenital defects
Any health/disease conditions
Temperament of the dog

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11
Q

Suggest test for german shepards when deciding to breed them

A

Hip dysplasia screening scheme
Risk test (DNA based)

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12
Q

Suggest test for labradors when deciding to breed them

A

Hip dysplasia screening scheme
Elbow dysplasia screening scheme

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13
Q

List some important health schemes and tests

A

Eye screening scheme
Elbow screening scheme
Haemophillia testing for males
Bitches under 2 years to not produce litter
No stud dog to be used below 18 months

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14
Q

When do female cats reach sexual maturity

A

4-12 months

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15
Q

When is the appropriate time to mate/breed a queen

A

With the cyclicity of their seasons, not much intervention required.

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16
Q

When do male dogs reach sexual maturity

A

Maturity around 5-6 months old – breed dependent

17
Q

Signs of male puberty dog

A

Humping
Cocking their leg to urinate
Mark their territory
Increased confidence/aggression

18
Q

When is the appropriate time to use a male dog for breeding

A

Can impregnate a dog from 5 months old
Most fertile around 12-18 months old

19
Q

When do male cats reach sexual maturity

A

Maturity at roughly 8-10 months old

20
Q

Signs of male puberty cat

A

Spraying
Roaming
Increased dominance

21
Q

Most common way of canine artificial insemmination

A

Intravaginal

22
Q

When do I artificially inseminate a dog

A

Inseminate on day of ovulation and two days later

23
Q

Benefits of Canine Artificial Insemination

A

Reduced risk of disease transmission
Increases gene pool
Improved fertility results
Dog inexperienced

24
Q

Success of AI is dependent on

A

Semen quality
Accurate timing of insemination
Site of deposition of semen

25
Q

Who is qualified to do AI

A

undertaken by a veterinary surgeon or a professional with a relevant exemption, such as a registered veterinary nurse under direction.

26
Q

What method of AI is banned in the UK

A

Canine surgical artificial insemination

27
Q

Things to consider/ Questions to ask owner before they decide to breed their dog (10 months male labrador)

A
  1. Parent’s history
  2. Vaccinations
  3. Physical exam
  4. Tests ( Hip dysplasia ,Elbow dysplasia , Eye screening)
28
Q

Do you normally introduce to stud to the bitch or bitch to stud

A

Bitch to stud (stud in own home)

29
Q

Things to consider/ Questions to ask owner/ Tests to recommend before they decide to breed their dog via AI (3 year old female bulldog)

A
  1. Has she been mated before
  2. Health status- Has she had surgery before/Severity of BOAS/Skin problems
  3. When did signs of heat show
  4. Progesterone test
30
Q

There are three samples ABC in the progesterone testing kit, Two controls and a sample. How to see when is the best time

A

When sample is lighter than B (The lighter the more ideal basically)

31
Q

What happens when sample is lighter than A but darker than b

A

Ovulation is imminent, test next day

32
Q

What happens when sample is same colour as B

A

Mate bitch in 24-48 hours

33
Q

Concentration of progesterone during oestrous

A

5-8ng/ml at time of ovulation

3.19 Repro (21 decks)

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