Diseases of the Male Reproductive Tract of the Dog and Cat Flashcards
List some common diseases of testicles
Infectious orchitis and epididymitis
Brucellosis
Neoplasia-Sertoli cell tumour, Interstitial cell tumour, Seminomas
Cryptorchidism
Aetiology of infectious orchitis and epidymitis
trauma, ascending infection, bacteria, Canine distemper virus, fungal
Clinical signs of orchitis
Enlargement, erythema and pain,pyrexia, lethargy,oedema,purulent preputial discharge in acute presentation,if chronic then there may be swelling or contraction, with fibrosis and atrophy
Diagnosis of Infectious Orchitis and Epididymitis
clinical signs, semen collection for culture,imaging, cytology
Treatment of Infectious Orchitis and Epididymitis
Antibiotics based on C&S, castration, NSAIDs
Should I run a test for brucellosis for a dog with scrotal enlargement?
In countries where disease is present, all dogs with scrotal enlargement should be tested
Diagnosis of scrotal lesions
Establish if swelling is cutaneous, in testicle or vaginal tunic
Palpation +/- ultrasound
FNA and cytology, culture
Is B.canis a posibility?
Treatment of scrotal lesions
NSAIDs
Appropriate topicals
Cold compresses
Identify and treat underlying cause
What tumour is the second most common in entire male dogs
Testicular tumours
What breed is predisposed to having testicular tumour
Boxer
Cryptorchidism
when one or both testicles fail to drop down into the scrotum
When to check testes of male puppies
check pups at 8 weeks- check again, and keep checking, castrate at 6 months-do NOT leave it! Descent adtrer 1 year of age is VERY rare!!
normally both testes in the scrotum by 2 weeks post-partum
What is the most common tumour type in retained testes
Sertoli cell tumours
What age are testes in kittens
Testes normally in scrotum at birth in tom cats but can slide up and down the inguinal canal until 7-8 months of age in some cats
Term used to describe inflammation of the penis
Balanitis
Term used to describe inflammation of the prepuce
Posthitis
Term used to describe inflammation of the penis and prepuce
Balanoposthitis
Is smegma in intact dogs normal?
Yes
Term used to describe the inability to retract either the erect or non-erect penis into the prepuce
Paraphimosis
Term used to describe a persistent erection without sexual arousal, with the subsequent inability to retract the penis into the prepuce
Priapism-very rare in dog
Term used to describe inability to protrude penis out of prepuce, uncommon in dogs (persistent frenulum)
Phimosis
Treatment of Paraphimosis
lubrication of penis and bulbus glandis, elevate the penis towards to body wall and attempt to relocate, sedation or GA can help to reduce tumescence, wrapping penis with cool, flat compress and hyperosmolar dextrose solution . May need surgery
Disorders of the Penis and Prepuce
Urethral Prolapse
Penile fractures
Neoplasia
Urethral Prolapse
Inner lining of your urethra (the hole you pee from) sticks out
What type of tumour is commonly associated with the penis and prepuce
Transmissible venereal tumour
Why are perianal tumours 3 times more likely in intact males
Because androgens stimulate the development of hepatoid glands, the incidence of proliferative lesions of the hepatoid glands in sexually intact male dogs is three times than it is in females, start as hyperplasia progressing to adenoma
Treatment of perianal tumour
Castration