Reproductive Flashcards
Attractivity
female’s valued as a sexual stimulus
quantified by measuring male behaviour
Proceptivity
appetitive activity shown by females
reflects females willingness and motivation to mate
Receptivity
female’s acceptance of copulatory attempts
evaluated by measuring movement or postures that ensure intravaginal insemination by male
mating behaviour of mare in oestrus
stand still tail frequently erected urine spilled in small amounts clitoris exposed by prolonged rhythmical contractions of vulva lowering of pelvis oestrus av 6
Non-typical behaviours of mare
squealing
ears back
kicking
manifestations of non-receptivity
Stallions
flehmen- pulling back of lips and nostrils that enhances transport of inhaled substances to olfactory bulb
1 min period of repeated pelvic thrusting
mating behaviour of cow
stands still restlessness mounts other cows flehmen standing to be mounted only conclusive sign Roelofs et al (2005) sniffing vagina and resting with chin on another cow oestrus av 15 hours single pelvic thrust and clasping
mating behaviour of sheep
stands still restlessness mounts other ewes seeks out ram and remains with it flehmen oestrus av 26 hrs
mating behaviour of goats
stands still restlessness repeat bleating vigorous rapid tail waving flehmen oestrus av 28 hrs
mating behaviour of pigs
stands still restlessness no flehmen oestrus av 48 hrs thrusting action- semi-rotatory actions spiral glans penis becomes tightly lodged in firm folds of cervix- ejaculation
mating behaviour of dogs
bitch becomes more excited but doesn’t show new patterns of behaviour
in presence of potential mate- shows hindquarters with some lateral movements
pre-copulation passive
salivation sometimes present
males identify by licking and sniffing urine/anal gland and vulvar
no flehmen
oestrus av 9 days
repeated vigorous thrusts for several minutes
spermatozoa deposited and penis continues to engorge
becomes too large to be withdrawn and copulatory lock formed
steps off and stands butt to butt
tie lasts 15mins- during which pulses of prostatic fluid sent to promote forward movement of sperm
mating behaviour cats
crouch with front legs pressed to ground- tail turned to one side to present vulva
roll or thrash on floor
no secretions
call to attract males
restless- increased attention to caregivers
no flehmen- sniffing and licking
bring queen to tom as some toms won’t breed outside territory
oestrus- av 5 days
before mating caterwauling cry marking territory
lasts seconds
after queen- coital cry as penis is withdrawn reverse-facing barbed ridges cause pain
frantic rolling and licking her vulva
Pheromones
important
in urine, faeces and from cutaneous glands perceived through olfactory systems
The Male Effect
males can cause early puberty, ovulation and initiation of oestrus
Gonadectomy
ovariohysterectomy (OHE)- no longer exhibit oestrus behaviours
effective in controlling some negative behaviours
benefits incl; increased life span, decreased risk of mammary tumors, pyometra risk decline, reduced risk of testicular cancer
