reproductive Flashcards
7 neural crest structures
PNS
melanocytes
chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla
parafollicular c-cells of thyroid
scwann cells
pia and arachnoid
bones of skull
odontoblasts
aorticopulmonary septum
mesoderm defects
VACTERL
v-vertebral defects
A-anal atresia
C-cardiac defects
T-tracheo-Esophageal fistula
R-renal defects
L-limb defects
v-vertebral defects
A-anal atresia
C-cardiac defects
T-tracheo-Esophageal fistula
R-renal defects
L-limb defects
absent organ due to absent primoridial tissue
agenesis
absent organ desite primordial tissue
aplasia
extrinsic disruption; occurs after embryonic period
deformation
incomplete organ development; primoridal tissue present
hypoplasia
intrinsic dirstruption; occurs during emybronic period(weeks 3-8)
malformation
teratogen: renal damage
ACE Inhibitors
absence of ditis, multiple anomalies
alkylating agents
CN 8 toxicity
aminoglycosides
neura tubue defects
craniofacial defects
finger nail hypoplasia
developmental delay
IUGR
carbamazepine
vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma and congenial mullerian anomalies
DES = diethylstilbestrol
neural tube defects
folate antagonists
ebsteins anomaly(atrialized RV)
lithium
fetal hydantion syndrome: microcephaly, dysmorphic craniofacial features, hypoplastic nails and distal phalanges, cardiac defects, IUGR, mental retaradation
phenytoin
inhibition of maternal folate absroption —> neural tube defects
valproate
bone deformities + fetal hemorrhage
warfarin
leading cause of birth defects and mental retardation
alcohol
abnormal fetal development and fetal addition; placental abruption
cocaine
preterm labor, placental problems, IUGR, ADHD
smoking
caudal regression syndrome (anal atresia to sirenomelia) congenital heart defects, neural tube defects
maternal diabetes
extremely high risk of spontaneous abortions and birth defects (cleft palate, cardiac abnormalities)
vitamin A excess
microcephaly and mental retardation
x-rays
2nd arch neural crest dervied cartilages
Reichert’s cartilage: stapes, styloid process, lesser horn of hyoid, stylohyoid ligament
what does mesonephric wolffian duct develop into?
SEED
Seminal vesicles
Epididymis
ejaculatory uct
ductus deferens.
where do the ovaries/testes drain lymph
para-aortic lymph nodes
where do distal 1/3 vagina/vulva/ scrotum drain?
superficial inguinal node s
proximal 2/3 of vagina + uterus drainage?
obturator
external iliac
hypogastric nodes
