lymph drainage Flashcards
where do upper limb, lateral breast drain?
axillary
stomach drains into?
celiac
duodenum and jejunum drain into?(recall artery supply here)
superior mesenteric
sigmoid colon lymph drainage
colic –> inferior mesenteric
rectum (lower portion) of anal canal above pectinate line
internal iliac
anal canal (below pectinate line)
scrotum
thigh(superificial)
superficial inguinal
lateral side of dorsum of foot
popliteal
testes
superficial and deep plexues –> para-aortic
what does right lympatic duct drain?
right arm, righ chest, right half of head
which 4 cytokines enchance acitivy to NK cells?
IL-2, IL-12, IFN-beta, IFN-alpha
5 cytokines secreted by macrophages
IL-1 (fever), IL-6(acute phase reactant), IL-8(in case it needs more neutrophis), IL-12(in case you want to form granulomas!), TNF-alpha
cell markers for NK cells
CD 16(binds to Fc of IgG) CD56(unique marker for NK)
To Be Healed Rapidly
after expsoure antibodies (passive)
Tetanus
Botulinims
HBV
Rabies
anti-smooth muscle ab
auto immune hepatitis
anti-U1 RNP (ribonucleoprotein)
mixed connetive tissue diseaes
anti-glutamte decarboxylase
type I diabetes mellitis
name 3 B-cell deficieinces
X-linked Bruton’s BTK tyrosine kinase agammaglobulinemia
Selective IgA deficeincy
Common variable immunodeficiency
name 4 t-cell def
Thymic aplasia (DiGeorges)
IL-12 receptor deficiecny
Hyper-IgE syndrome(Job syndrome)
chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
name 4 combined B-cell and t-cell disorders
SCID (defective Il-2 receptor + adenosine deaminase deficiency)
Ataxia telangiectasia -(no ATM gene for DNA repair recall triad: ataxia, telengiectasia, IgA deficeincy and **increased AFP) **
Hyper-IgM syndrome (can’t class switch b/c B-cell not activated therefore missing CD40L)
X-linked Wiscott -Aldrich syndrome(WAS gene on X chromoosme—> Tcells unable to reorganize cytoskeleton). triad of TIE: thrombocytopneic purpura, infections, eczema (increaed IgE and IgA, but decreased IgM)
name 3 phagocyte dysfunction disorders:
- Leukocyte adhesion def: defect in LFA-1 integrin (CD18) protein on phagocytes delayed separation of umbilical cord
- Chediak -Higashi (microtubule dysfunction in phagosome-lysosome fusion—>giant granules in nuetrophils)
- Chronic granulomatous disease (lack of NADPH oxidase –> decreased reactive oxygen species and absent respiratory burst in neutrohils)
4 types of transplant rejection
hyperacute -minutes, type II hypersensitity
acute - weeks - cell mediated due to CTLs (eg vasculitis of graft vessels)
chornic - months to years
graft v host - varies
