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DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING > Reproductive > Flashcards

Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

seen in intact males- enlarged variant of normal

A

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH)

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2
Q

T/F: prostate is not seen in neutered males on rads

A

True- might be seen if castration was recently

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3
Q

When enlarged, is the prostate better seen on lateral or VD

A

laterals

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4
Q

What does the prostate look like on rads

A

ovoid
smooth margins
soft tissue opacity

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5
Q

What can be done to minimize soft tissue opacity for best visualization of the prostate

A

pulling the legs back to minimize soft tissue superimposition

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6
Q

Prostatic diseases are often better diagnosed with

A

ultrasound

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7
Q

What are the different prostatic diseases

A

1) Prostatic Neoplasia
2) Prostatitis
3) Prostatic Abscess
4) Paraprostatic Cysts
5) Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy - really large

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8
Q

What could cause an enlarged prostate with mineralization

A

1) Prostatic Neoplasia (carcinoma)
2) Chronic Prostatitis

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9
Q

If you have a male dog that was neutered as a puppy and you see enlarged prostate with mineralization, you should be very concerned about

A

Neoplasia

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10
Q

What typically causes prostatic neoplasia

A

1) Prostatic Neoplasia
2) TCC/ urothelial cell carcinoma

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11
Q

What does prostatic neoplasia look like on rads

A

1) Mineralized
2) Asymmetrical enlargement

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12
Q

Prostatic neoplasia may metastasize to

A

Lymph nodes
Local skeleton (lumbar vertebrae, pelvis)
Lungs

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13
Q

T/F: uterus and ovaries can be seen in normal intact females on radiographs

A

False

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14
Q

When might you be able to visualize the uterus on rads

A

Pregnancy
Pyometra
Ovarian tumor (retroperitoneal mass)

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15
Q

What might cause an enlarged uterus

A

Pyometra
Mucometra
Hydrometra
Pregnancy

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16
Q

What does pyometra look like on radiographs

A

between urinary bladder and the colon
curves cranially towards the kidney

17
Q

At what gestation length is radiographically detectable enlargement of the uterus seen

A

day 30 post ovulation

18
Q

At what day of gestation is the gravid uterus difficult to see as its the same size as interestines

A

day 25

19
Q

At what day of gestation is the gravid uterus appear as gestational sac- spherical enlargements on radiographs

A

days 30-40

20
Q

At what day of gestation is the gravid uterus appear a tubular uterus on radiographs

A

day 38-45

21
Q

When does early mineralization in the dog fetuses occur on radiographs

A

43-45

22
Q

When does early mineralization in the cat fetuses occur on radiographs

A

35-38

23
Q

When in gestation can you count both spine and skulls on radiographs

A

day 50

24
Q

When in gestation can you visualize tooth buds and bones of paw (digits)

A

60-64

25
Q

What should you confirm for fetal maturity prior to elective C-section on radiograph

A

tooth buds and bones of paw (digits)

26
Q

On Ultrasound, when is the earliest pregnancy detection in dogs/cats

A

18-25 days

27
Q

On Ultrasound, when is the heart beat detect

A

23-30 days

28
Q

What are best for assessing fetal factors causing dystocia (enlargement/positioning)

A

Radiographs

29
Q

What maternal factors might cause dystocia

A

Skeletal abnormalities (pelvic trauma)
Uterine inerta- may be inferred from rads and based on hx and clinical signs

30
Q

What fetal factors might cause dystocia

A

low number of fetuses leading to enlargement
mismatch in size, wrong orientation

31
Q

What might indicate fetal demise of radiographs

A

1) gas within the uterus
2) gas within the fetus
3) Axial or appendicular skeletal malalignment
4) Collapse of skull bones

*changes occur at least 24 hours after fetal demise

32
Q

When do radiographic changes of fetal demise occur on radiographs

A

at least 24 hours after fetal demise

33
Q

Fetal demise after 45 days will cause

A

arrested bone development

34
Q

Late term sterile demise results in

A

mummified fetuses

35
Q

Rounded feti bodies with abscence of bone organization can occur with

A

ectopic pregnancies

DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING (16 decks)

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