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DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING > Esophagus > Flashcards

Esophagus Flashcards

1
Q

What media should you use if esophageal perforation is suspected

A

idoinated media

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1
Q

What are indications for radiographing the esophagus

A

dysphagia
regurgitation
gagging
retching
diagnose and evaluate for esophageal form and function
foreign bodies
strictures
vascular ring anomalies
dysmotility

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2
Q

What is contraindiciated if perforation is suspect or heading to endoscopy?

A

Barium

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3
Q

What can cause pulmonary edema is aspirated

A

Iodinated Media- use non-ionic

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4
Q

What is more opaque: barium or iodinated media

A

Barium

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5
Q

T/F: megaesophagus is a clinical diagnosis

A

False

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6
Q

persistently dilated and hypomotile esophagus from neurologic dysfunction

A

Megaesophagus

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7
Q

What do you need to differentiate megaesophagus from

A

transient aerophagia

use clinical signs and radiographs (different time points) to help differentiate

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8
Q

What are the radiographic findings of megaesophagus

A

1) Tracheal stripe sign
-soft tissue margin between luminal gas of trachea and air within the esophagus
-silhouette sign of combined thickness of the tracheal and esophageal walls

2) Esophagus more visible

3) V sign on VD radiograph

4) Food- granular soft tissue/gas/mixture may be seen with a dilated esophagus
-widened mediastinum
-displacing tracjea vemtra;;y

5) Secondary aspiration pneumonia: alveolar pattern

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9
Q

What might cause congenital megaesphagus in dog

A

1) Idiopathic juvenille mesesophagus (generalized) - german shephards, great danes, irish setters

2) Vascular Ring Anomalies (focal megaesophagus)
-Persistent Right Aortic Arch
-Aberrant left subclavian arteryu
-Double Aortic Arch

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10
Q

Vascular Ring anomalies cause focal or generalized megaesophagus

A

Focal

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11
Q

Idiopathic juvenille mesesophagus (generalized occurs in what breeds

A

german shephards
great danes
irish setters

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12
Q

What might cause acquired megaesophagus in dogs

A

Myasthenia gravis
Paraneoplastic
Addisons
Lead toxicity
Polymyositis
CNS disease
Chest trauma
Tetanus
Autoimmune
Obstructions due to foreign bodies, strictures

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13
Q

What might cause megaesophagus in cats

A

Vascular Ring Anomalies
Esophageal Strictures from esophagitis- Doxycycline
Idiopathic

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14
Q

failure of regression of duplicate parts of embryonic arch system during cardiovascular development

A

Vascular Ring Anomlaies

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15
Q

What are the types of vascular ring anomalies

A

-Persistent Right Aortic Arch
-Aberrant left subclavian arteryu
-Double Aortic Arch

16
Q

Where the esophagus becomes trapped by the heart, PRAA, main pulmonary artery and ligamentum arteriosum

A

Persistent Right Aortic Arch

17
Q

Persistent Right Aortic Arch causes

A

focal narrowing of the esophagus with dilation cranially

may also be dilated caudally

18
Q

How do you treat Persistent Right Aortic Arch

A

surgical repair

19
Q

What is a key finding of persistent right aortic arch

A

focal left-ward deviation of the trachea

20
Q

What are common sites in the esophagus for foreign bodies

A

thoracic inlet
heart + base
esophageal hiatus

21
Q

What are complications of esophageal foreign bodies

A

Stricture
Perforation + Periesophageal abscess
Pneumomediastinum / Pneumothorax
Pleural effusion

22
Q

With esopheageal foreign bodies, there is often gas ______ to the foreign body

A

cranial

23
Q

Is the prognosis of cervical or thoracic perforation better

A

Cervical

thoracic often lead to septic mediastinitis, pleuritis, pyothorax

24
Q

gastric acid that enters the esophagus from gastroesophageal reflux results in

A

esophagitis

rads often normal and possibly increased soft tissue opacitiy between aorta and vena cava on both lateral projections

25
Q

esophagitis radiographic findings

A

rads often normal and possibly increased soft tissue opacitiy between aorta and vena cava on both lateral projections

with increased severity, caudal esophagus may become enlarged and contain air or fluid

26
Q

What breeds commonly get redundant esophagus

A

english bulldogs

27
Q

What might cause esophageal strictures

A

Esophageal trauma or inflammation
Reflux of gastric contents during anesthesia

28
Q

What are the findings of esophageal structures

A

rads often normal
esophagram can aid diagnosis- liquid barium, barium mixed w food
Definitive dx w endoscopy

29
Q

What are the 3 phases of esophagram

A

1) Liquid Barium
2) Barium/canned food
3) Barium/dry food

DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING (16 decks)

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