Reproduction Paper 2

Question 1

What is a recessive disorder

Answer 1

It is a disorder that is only expressed when both alleles that code for the disorder are recessive

Question 2

What are some features of asexual reproduction?

Answer 2

One parent, no genetic variation, faster than sexual reproduction, offspring genetically identical to parents, no gametes involved

Question 3

What is natural selection?

Answer 3

Organisms more adapted to an environment, survive and reproduce

Question 4

What is a gene?

Answer 4

A small section of DNA that codes for a characteristic

Question 5

What is the process of mitosis?

Answer 5

DNA replicates a form copies of each chromosome and the cell grows and copies organelles E.G.ribosomes. One set of chromosomes is pulled to each side of the cell, the nucleus divides, the cytoplasm and cell membrane then divide to form two identical daughter cells

Question 6

What is the description of the genotype BB

Answer 6

Homozygous dominant

Question 7

Can you be a carrier for polydactyl?

Answer 7

No because it’s caused by dominant allele

Question 8

What is the site of protein synthesis?

Answer 8

Ribosome

Question 9

What is a mutation?

Answer 9

A change in DNA that is spontaneous

Question 10

What is a genotype?

Answer 10

A combination of alleles you have

Question 11

How is an embryo formed

Answer 11

An egg and sperm join together to create a new cell code zygote. Then this cell divides by mitosis produce in many identical cells called embryos.

Question 12

What is the function of mitosis?

Answer 12

growth and repair of multicellular organisms

Question 13

What are the similarities and differences between sexual and asexual reproduction?

Answer 13

Similarities or that they both produce offspring, they both use DNA to create new life and both offspring grows and develops

Differences- in sexual reproduction there is genetic variation while in asexual reproduction. There is no genetic variation. In that sexual reproduction involves two parents while in a sexual reproduction It is only one parent. In sexual reproduction offspring is not identical while in asexual reproduction the offspring are identical. In sexual reproduction, it’s a slower time period while in a sexual reproduction is a quicker time period

Question 14

Why are people for and against embryonic screening?

Answer 14

For – should be able to choose baby you want, should choose, desired characteristics, saves parents, money, and time if the baby comes out disabled

Against – it’s expensive so money should go elsewhere, taking away a potential life, playing God, it should not be the parents choice, if a baby lives or dies

Question 15

What is the female gamete in plants?

Answer 15

Egg cell

Question 16

What is the male gamete in plants?

Answer 16

Pollen cell

Question 17

Advantages to asexual reproduction?

Answer 17

Dont need to find mate
Produced faster
Many identical offspring

Question 18

How many pairs of chromosomes does a human have?

Answer 18

23 (46)

Question 19

What is the process of natural selection?

Answer 19

Two populations were separated/isolated by a geographical barrier
Variation of alleles in each population
When change in environment occurs, the population adapts and passes on desired characteristics to survive + reproduce
This continues until differences in characteristics enable two populations to no longer be able to interbreed

Question 20

What is a species?

Answer 20

Organisms that can breed together successfully

Question 21

Process of selective breeding?

Answer 21

Select organisms with desired characteristics
Breed together to produce offspring with these alleles
Then, repeatedly breed offspring over generations to increase allele frequency

Question 22

What is genetic engineering?

Answer 22

When an organism with desired characteristics is taken for gene and this is given to other organism modifying their genome

Question 23

Advantages of genetic engineering?

Answer 23

Greater yield for cheaper
Crops with desired characteristics