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Veterinary Diseases > Reproduction Diseases > Flashcards

Reproduction Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Anorchia

A

No testicles

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2
Q

Cryptochidism

A

Unilateral or bilateral

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3
Q

Balantitis

A

Inflammation of penis

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4
Q

Orchiditis

A

Inflammation of testicles

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5
Q

Paiapism

A

Enlarged penis

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6
Q

Agenesis

A

No ovaries

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7
Q

Paraphimosis

A

Unable to retract penis

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8
Q

Monorchidism

A

Born with one testicle

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9
Q

Pseudocyesis

A

False pregnancy

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10
Q

Phimosis

A

Penis cannot get out

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11
Q

Causes of prostate disease

A

Hypertrophy seen in older entire dogs due to hormonal stimulation
Bacterial infection, cysts, tumours

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12
Q

Clinical signs of prostate disease

A 
Tenesmus with stringy faeces
Pain
Abnormal gate
Haematuria
Blood in semen
Pyrexiam anorexia
Weight loss
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13
Q

Diagnosis of prostate disease

A

History and full physical/rectal exam

Radiograph/ultrasound

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14
Q

Treatment of prostate disease

A

Identify underlying causes
Surgical/chemical castration
Radiotherapy

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15
Q

Cause of paraphimosis

A

Inability to retract the penis, prep use becomes tight, blood increases within the penis

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16
Q

Clinical signs of paraphimosis

A

Swollen, red penis permanently protruded

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17
Q

Diagnosis of paraphimosis

A

Physical examination

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18
Q

Treatment of paraphimosis

A

Emergency - may need to cut penis
Reduce swelling with cold compress
Lube penis and massage prepuse back over penis

19
Q

Sertoli cell tumour

A

Overproduction of oestrogen

20
Q

Cause of Sertoli cell tumour

A

Excessive oestrogen generally from tumour of retained testicle in Dogs 7-12 years

21
Q

Clinical signs of Sertoli cell tumour

A

Enlarged retained testicle and feminisation e.g. gynaecomastia (enlarged mammary glands) attractiveness to male dog
Non regenerative anaemia and bilateral alopecia due to increased hormone levels

22
Q

Diagnosis of Sertoli cell tumour

A

History and full physical examination

Blood tests for biochemistry, haematology and oestrogen

23
Q

Treatment of Sertoli cell tumour

A

Pre surgical screening for pulmonary matastases

Removal of affected testicle

24
Q

Cystic endometrial hyperplasia and pyometra

A

Open, infection coming out of cervix

Closed, intra-uterus

25
Q

Cause of cystic endometrial hyperplasia

A

Hyperplasia of endometrium in response to progesterone in metoestrus which may lead to pyo
Making the development of infection more probable (6-12 weeks post-oestrus) e.g. open cervix

26
Q

Clinical signs of Cystic endometrial hyperplasia

A 
Polyuria
Polydipsia
Lethargy
Anorexia
Vomiting
Abdominal pain 
Shock, death
Vaginal discharge in a 3rd of cases
27
Q

Tests for Cystic endometrial hyperplasia

A

History and full physical examination

28
Q

Treatment of Cystic endometrial hyperplasia

A

Medication can be successful but likely to re-occur
Ovariohysterectomy
Fluids and antibiotics

29
Q

Cause of pseudocyesis

A

Hormonal - decline in plasma progesterone and increase in plasma prolactin
Normally seen 6-8 weeks post-oestrus

30
Q

Clinical signs of pseudocyesis

A 
Mammary gland development (+/- milk)
Anorexia
Abdominal enlargement 
Nest making
Nursing of inanimate objects 
Aggression
31
Q

Tests for pseudocyesis

A

History and full physical examination

32
Q

Treatment of pseudocyesis

A

Most cases resolve without treatment as removal of bedding/toys is enough
Hormone treatment
Ovariohysterectomy

33
Q

Cause of mastitis

A

Inflammation of mammary glands due to blocked milk ducts or infection

34
Q

Clinical signs of mastitis

A

Hot, swollen, painful mammary glands
Change in milk colour (yellow, pink, brown)
Systemic illness e.g. depression, anorexia, pyrexia

35
Q

Diagnosis of mastitis

A

Full physical examination and history

36
Q

Treatment of mastitis

A

Bathe and massage glands with warm water

Antibiotics if systemic illness

37
Q

Cause of eclampsia (low levels of calcium)

A

Late pregnancy or early lactation (within 2 weeks of post partum)
Normally seen in small bitches with large litters, less common in queens

38
Q

Clinical signs of eclampsia

A 
Restlessness 
Anxiety
Panting 
Hypersalavation
Twitching/muscle spasm
Stiff gait
Ataxia
Tachycardia 
Collapse, seizures
39
Q

Tests for eclampsia

A

History and full physical examination

Blood calcium level

40
Q

Treatment for eclampsia

A

Slow IV infusion of 10% calcium borogluconate
Calcium supplements (oral or s/c)
May need to remove litter and hand rear

41
Q

Cause of mammary tumour

A

Common in bitches (caudal pairs)
50% benign common in entire bitches or bitches neutered late
Less common in queens (cranial pairs)
20% benign in older entire queens

42
Q

Mammary tumour signs

A

Visible masses +/- ulceration

43
Q

Tests for mammary tumours

A

Full physical examination

Fine needle aspirate biopsy or histopathological sample

44
Q

Treatment of mammary tumours

A

Surgery (mammectomy, local mastectomy, radial mastectomy, radical mastectomy, bilateral radical mastectomy)
Fluid therapy, analgesics, antibiotics

Veterinary Diseases (7 decks)

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