Reproduction

Question 1

What are the parts of the male reproductive system?

Answer 1

Testes
Scrotum
Sperm ducts
Prostate gland
Urethra 
Penis

Question 2

What is the function of the testes?

Answer 2

Produce sperm

Question 3

What is the function of the scrotum?

Answer 3

The sack that holds and protects testes, slightly lower than body temperature

Question 4

What is the function of the perm ducts?

Answer 4

Carries sperm or urine from testes to urethra

Question 5

What is the function of the prostate gland?

Answer 5

Adds fluids to feed the sperm and enable it to swim

Question 6

What is the function of the urethra?

Answer 6

The tube through which the sperm leave the penis

Question 7

What is the function of the penis?

Answer 7

Organ that introduces the sperm into the vagina

Question 8

What are the parts of the female reproductive system?

Answer 8

Ovary
Oviduct
Cervix
Vagina
Uterus
Vulva

Question 9

What is the function of the ovary?

Answer 9

Releases ova during ovulation

Question 10

What is the function of the oviduct?

Answer 10

Fertilisation takes place here, carries egg to uterus

Question 11

What is the function of the uterus?

Answer 11

Place where embryo will develop

Question 12

What is the function of the cervix?

Answer 12

Opening to uterus

Question 13

What is the function of the vagina?

Answer 13

Opening to the outside, sperm released here

Question 14

What is the function of the vulva?

Answer 14

Protection of the vagina

Question 15

What is the function of oestrogen?

Answer 15

Levels low during Menstruation
Initial repair and build up of uterus lining
Levels increase from day 1 and peak at day 14

Question 16

What is the function of progesterone?

Answer 16

Levels low during menstruation
Builds up and will peak days after ovulation
Builds up and maintains lining of uterus until bleeding

Question 17

What is the definition of pregnancy?

Answer 17

Fertilisation takes place in the oviduct; this is when the haploid sperm and haploid egg nuclei fuse to form a zygote

Question 18

What are the parts of a haploid egg?

Answer 18

Cell membrane
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Haploid nucleus

Question 19

What are the parts of a haploid sperm cell?

Answer 19

Head
Midpiece
Tail

Question 20

What does haploid mean?

Answer 20

They have half the normal number of chromosomes (23 each), so that when they fuse, the full number of chromosomes is restored in the zygote (46)

Question 21

What occurs after fertilisation?

Answer 21

The egg divides many times to form a ball of cells called a zygote. It will travel along the oviduct to the uterus, where it will implant

Question 22

What is the placenta?

Answer 22

A disc - shaped organ which forms, nutrients from the mother’s blood diffuse across it, e.g. oxygen and glucose. The mother and baby’s blood doesn’t mix, as they may be different blood groups

Question 23

What occurs in the placenta?

Answer 23

Exchange of dissolved nutrients, e.g. oxygen, carbon dioxide and urea

Question 24

What are carried to the foetus?

Answer 24

Oxygen and glucose through blood vessels in the umbilical chord

Question 25

What is carried away from the foetus?

Answer 25

Carbon dioxide and urea through blood vessels in the umbilical chord

Question 26

What are in the parts of the body where pregnancy occur?

Answer 26

Uterus wall Placenta Umbilical chord Amniotic sack

Question 27

What is the function of the amnion and amniotic sack?

Answer 27

Protect and cushion the foetus while it is developing

Question 28

Give an example of a mechanical (physical) contraception

Answer 28

Male & female condom

Question 29

Give an example of a chemical contraception

Answer 29

Contraceptive pill | Implant

Question 30

Give an example of a surgical contraception

Answer 30

Vasectomy | Female sterilisation

Question 31

What does the male & female condom do?

Answer 31

Acts as a barrier, prevents egg and sperm meeting

Question 32

What does the contraceptive pill do?

Answer 32

Taken regularly by women, stops ovaries from releasing eggs by changing hormone levels

Question 33

What does an implant do?

Answer 33

Inserted just under the skin in the arm, slowly releases hormones

Question 34

What does a vasectomy do?

Answer 34

Cuts sperm tubes

Question 35

What does a female sterilisation do?

Answer 35

Cuts oviducts

Question 36

What are the advantages and disadvantages of male & female condoms?

Answer 36

Easily obtained Protects against STDs Unreliable if not used properly

Question 37

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the contraceptive pill?

Answer 37

Very reliable Can cause side effects, such as weight gain and mood swings Women must remember to take it every day

Question 38

What are the advantages and disadvantages of implants?

Answer 38

Very reliable Can work up to 3 years Do not protect against STDs Can prevent periods occurring

Question 39

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a vasectomy?

Answer 39

Virtually 100% reliable Very difficult to reverse Don’t protect against STDs

Question 40

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a female sterilisation?

Answer 40

Virtually 100% reliable Very difficult to reverse Don’t protect against STDs

Question 41

Suggest why condoms are widely chosen by young married couples who do not have any children yet

Answer 41

They are easy to obtain The don’t have to get sterilised (option of children in future) No side effects

Question 42

Why do you think contraception raises ethical issues for some people?

Answer 42

It is unnatural Against religious beliefs Preventing human life developing