Repro - Male

Question 1

testicular artery

Answer 1

direct branch of AA, highly convoluted allows heat exchange - cools

Question 2

pampiniform venous plexus

Answer 2

travels to abdominal veins

next to artery - helps cool arterial blood via countercurrent heat exchange

Question 3

tunica albuginea

Answer 3

thick dense CT outer capsule of testes

divide into lobules

Question 4

tunica vasculosa

Answer 4

loose CT with vasculature around testes

Question 5

testes lobule components

Answer 5

1-4 seminiferous tubules + CT stroma (leydig cells)

Question 6

seminiferous tubule cell types

Answer 6

sertoli cells

spermatogenic cells

Question 7

tunica vaginalis

Answer 7

serous covering of the testes

Question 8

seminiferous tubules structure

Answer 8

sertoli and spermatogenic cells surrounded by tunica propria

Question 9

spermatogenesis phases

Answer 9

spermatogonial
spermatocyte
spermatid

Question 10

spermatagonial phase

Answer 10

mitotic division
type A (dark)
type A (pale)
Type B

Question 11

spermatocyte phase

Answer 11

meiotic division
crossing over happens @ primary spermatocyte stage
next secondary spermatocyte

Question 12

spermatid phase (phases)

Answer 12

golgi phase (cell becoems polarized, centrioles accumulate)
cap phase (getting polar, forming tail)
acrosome phase (vesicles enlarge)
maturation phase (sertoli cells stream line)

Question 13

factors affecting spermatogenesis

Answer 13

diet deficiency
environmental/lifestyle
developmental disorders
systemic disease
testicular temp
steroids
toxic agents
ionizing radiation

Question 14

sertoli cell fxn

Answer 14

protect and support sperm
eliminate residual bodies by phagocytosis
spermination: actin mediated contraction
secrete fluid
ABP - concentrate T

Question 15

sertoli cell jxns

Answer 15

ZOs, actin and sER cisterna
2 epi compartments - basal and lumen
blood-testis barrier
- excludes plasma proteins and Abs