GI Large Intestine

Question 1

LI distinctive features

Answer 1

teniae coli
haustra
omental appendices
lack of villi

Question 2

crypts of lieberkuhn structure

Answer 2

straight and tubular

Question 3

paneth cells in LI

Answer 3

few to none

Question 4

pericryptal fibroblast sheath

Answer 4

fibroblast population of regularly replicating cells

differentiate into macs

Question 5

GALT in LI

Answer 5

no paneth
more nodules and lymphocytes in LP
(especially distally)

Question 6

ME in LI

Answer 6

longitudinal layer is thinner than inner circular layer (except tenia coli)

Question 7

contraction in LI

Answer 7

segmentation (local - mix)

peristalsis (move distally)

Question 8

appendix characteristics

Answer 8

uniform layer of longitudinal muscle in ME

large # of lymph nodes

Question 9

appendicitis mech

Answer 9

narrow opening

if nodules inflame –> appendicitis

Question 10

rectum structure

Answer 10

straight tubular glands
tons of goblet cells
transverse rectal folds

Question 11

anal structure

Answer 11

columns

sinuses

Question 12

rectal/anal zones

Answer 12

colorectal
anal transitional
squamous

Question 13

anal sphincter musculature

Answer 13

internal SM

external skeletal

Question 14

anal canal distinctive features

Answer 14

mucosa: MM disappears around transitional zone
sub: rectal artery/venous plexus end
no teniae coli

Question 15

glands of anal canal

Answer 15

anal glands
circumanal glands
sebaceous glands

Question 16

internal hemorrhoids

Answer 16

veins in submucosa of anus enlarge under pressure

Question 17

anal gland structure

Answer 17

branched straight tubular

Question 18

fistulas

Answer 18

false opening between peritoneal skin and anal canal

formed from anal glands

Question 19

crohn’s disease cause

Answer 19

immune system + heredity

Question 20

crohn’s Sx

Answer 20

diarrhea
abdominal pain
cramping
blood in stool
weight loss
lesions

Question 21

crohn’s Dx

Answer 21

small bowel xray
CT
capsule endoscopy

Question 22

crohn’s Tx

Answer 22

anti-inflammatory drugs
immune system suppressors
antibiotics
anti-diarrheals 
laxatives
pain relievers, iron, B12, surgery

Question 23

crohn’s histo

Answer 23

lesions
cobblestone appearance
narrowing of lumen