Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology > GI Small Intestine > Flashcards

GI Small Intestine Flashcards

1
Q

SI section lengths

A

duodenum: 25 cm
jejunum: 2.5 m
ileum: 3.5 m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

plicae circulares

A

transverse folds

mucosa + submucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

villi

A

independently contractile extensions of mucosa into lumen

made of many cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

microvilli

A

extensions present on one cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

glycocalyx

A

network of polysaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

glycocalyx fxn

A

aid digestion
dipeptidase and others break down sugars and protein
viscosity makes barrier to larger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

reason for SI velvety appearance

A

villi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

lacteal location

A

LP of SI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

lacteal structure

A

blind-ending lymphatic capillary
runs through LP of each villi
milky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

lacteal fxn

A

collects dietary fat and lymph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how to drain lacteals

A

SM fibers from MM help

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

immune system in SI

A 
lymphocytes
plasma cells
eosinophils
macs
peyer's patches
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

peyer’s patches

A

nodular aggregations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

crypts of lieberkuhn structure

A

go from MM through LP to lumen
simple tubular glands (simple columnar epi)
in SI theyre between villi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MM in SI

A

2 thin layers of SM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

crypts of lieberkuhn fxn

A

secrete enzymes for digestion

ex: sucrase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

SI epithelial cell types

A 
enterocytes
goblet cells
paneth cells
enteroendocrine cells
M cells
18
Q

enterocyte structure

A

tall
basally located, oblong nuclei
microvilli w/ actin core
terminal web contraction to up absorption
lots of mito, golgi sER and rER
joined by junctional complexes - tight barrier

19
Q

enterocyte fxn

A

transport things from lumen to circulatory
secrete H20, electrolytes, enzymes for digestion
keep chyme liquid

20
Q

selective retention - mech

A

tight jxns @ apical
lateral interdigitations
movement of water and solvents into cell, then pump Na (and water) into intercellular space (solvent drag)
P builds - push into caps

21
Q

c. perfringens mech

A

exotoxins (12+) produce gaps in plasma membrane, inhibit ZOs
intercellular seal is disrupted
interstitial fluid leaks into lumen

22
Q

c. perfringens Sx

A

cramping, nausea, diarrhea

23
Q

c. perfringens Tx

A

self-limiting (fluids given)

24
Q

goblet cell structure

A

unicellular gland
nucleus @ basal end
large golgi
stain lightly (mucous lost in prep)

25
Q

goblet cell fxn

A

produce mucous
lubrication
protection

26
Q

goblet cell location (SI)

A

increase in # from duodenum to ileum

27
Q

paneth cell structure

A

basophilic basal cytoplasm

eosinophilic granules face lumen

28
Q

paneth cell location

A

base of blands in SI

29
Q

paneth cell fxn

A

secrete antibacterial lysozyme and alpha-defensiins
phagocytize
regulate norm bacterial flora

30
Q

enteroendocrine cell structure

A

nucleus @ lumen end

granules @ basement membrane

31
Q

enteroendocrine cell fxn

A

synth peptide hormones (CCK, secretin, GIP, motilin)
synth paracrine hormones (SS, histamine)
synth neurocrine hormones (VIP, bombesin, enkephalins)

32
Q

M cells structure

A

have microfolds (M) not microvilli

33
Q

M cell location

A

interspersed w/ enterocytes

covering peyer’s patches

34
Q

M cell fxn

A

endocytic

transport Ag to epi intercellular space to stimulate immune response

35
Q

plasma cell SI actions

A

release IgA –>
bind to receptor on basal side of enterocyte
endocytosed and brought to lumen

36
Q

eosinophil SI actions

A

phagocytize Ag and Ab complexes

release histammine to generate more response

37
Q

brunner’s glands location

A 
duodenum 
submucosa (under MM)
38
Q

brunner’s glands fxn

A

secrete zymogen and mucous

basic, 8.2-9.3, counterbalance acidic chyme

39
Q

brunner’s glands structure

A

branch tubular

columnar cells of ducts

40
Q

muscularis externa contractions

A

segmentation: move contents locally (mix - circular layer)
peristalsis: move contents distally (longitudinal)

Histology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions