repro Flashcards
kidney topographical anatomy
RIGHT = level of L1-3 w cranial pole @ level 13th rib, in renal fossa of caudate lobe liver
* caudal vena cava medially
LEFT = level L2-4 w cranial pole more caudal than R
* aorta medially
connecting peritoneum bladder
- median lig -> ventral abdom wall
- lateral ligs -> pelvic wall
trigone
area in bladder where ureters enter + urethra exits
* fuller bladder = ureter more closed + harder for urine to enter
topographical anatomy bladder
neck passes -> pelvic canal
empty bladder contracts close to pelvis
full extends cranially into abdom
* ventral to descending colon male/uterus female
gonads
repro gland that prods gametes
* ovaries in female, testes in male
gross anatomy female genital sys
ovaries sat in pocket of tiss (ovarian bursa) then -> uterus via uterine/fallopian tube
uterus = y-shaped w L + R horn (cornu) joining to form bod, sepped from outside world by cervix -> vagina -> vestibule
catheterising dogs
bitch = go in, find urethral opening, then straight
male = hole visible, but then 180deg hairpin loop
ovaries
- paired regular ovals
- inactive = smooth, active = knobbly w follicles
- end = funnel-shaped = infundibulum to catch egg -> uterine tube
peritoneal attachments ovary
- mesovarium = ovarian lig -> lat bod wall @ caudal pole kidney w ovarian artery + vein LIGATE (continuous w mesometrium)
- mesosalpinx -> uterine tube (removed w other bits)
- suspensory lig -> lat bod wall @ caudal pole kidney (not 1 asw!!!)
- proper lig of ovary -> cranial end of uterine horn
all continuous w each other
suspensory lig in bitch
v short + must be broken to allow exteriorisation of ovary for spay
ovarian bursa
pocket of peritoneum encasing ovary
* bitch = lots fat = obscured = complicates
mesovarium cranial, uterine horn caudal
uterine horns attach where
-> ovaries cr., -> uterus bod cd.
uterine attachments
mesometrium (broad lig) -> lat bod wall
* round lig of uterus runs in thru inguinal canal = foetal remnant of gubernaculum (gonad, not needed in females bc ovaries no move) – looks like ureter
vagina
w/in pelvic canal
* external urethral orifice opens on midline ridge (urethral tubercle) w fossa either side = catheterisation awks)
* glans clitoridis in deep fossa under mucous mem fold
hymen
at junction bet vagina + vestibule
vestibule
bounded by labia of vulva caudally
female genitals blood supply
- ovarian artery + vein in arterio-venous complex -> anastomose w uterine art + vein
- vaginal art + vein branch caudally -> supp vag + vestibule
* cranial branch becomes uterine art + vein in mesometrium
need keep vaginal intact bc leaving in animal
where find ovaries
dorsal abdom @ caudal poles kidneys (13th rib)
* level of umbilicus ventrally
topographical anatomy uterus
uterine horns bet intestinal mass + lateral abdom wall w uterine bod mid-line ventral to descending colon, dorsal to bladder
ovario-hysterectomy anatomy
- stretch/tear suspensory lig
- ligate ovarian art + vein in mesovarium
- transect uterine bod @ level of cervix + ligate uterine art/vein
- 50% of time mesometrium vascular enough need ligate
- ureters close to ovaries + cervix - don’t ligate
mammary glands
5 pairs mammae each w papilla (teat)
* 2 thoracic (scant adipose), 2 abdom, 1 inguinal (lots adipose)
blood supply mammary glands
cr. via cranial superficial epigastric
cd. via caudal superficial epigastric
lymph drainage mammary glands
cr. 3 pairs via auxillary
cd. 2 pairs via inguinal
perineum
area under tail round anus
* either side anus = anal glands