Representation of (media) Flashcards
ethnicity Traditional
Van Dijk
Husband and Hartman
Children now - fair play survey
ethnicity (changes)
Hall
Barker
Hybridity
Nayak
Gill
gender feminity traditional
Gauntlett
Ferguson
Glascock
Gender Feminity changes
westwood
Glascock
Gill
Vir, hall and Foye
Nationality
BBC have more of a southern English bias and London Focus - BBC was perceived as representing the interests of its English viewers more than other nations’ viewers.
scottish -
feel under-represented in media portrayals and coverage (outside nature and wildlife programming) -
“The Scottish person is always drunk and an abusive drunk at that”.
Welsh
Wales, there was a perception that reality TV can be exploitative in their portrayal of the Welsh.
Mullhern
Nationality
Media portrayals of the Irish stereotyped:
Stereotype 1: Homesick and drinking bad Guinness while listening to bad ballads in north London.
Stereotype 2: Too successful to be homesick while making megabucks in the City, and reporting the good wealth home via Skype.
Graham
Nationality
Media can sometimes force other nationals into TV programmes leading to ‘tokenism’. One participant also discussed “Gavin and Stacey - it’s all portraying Wales as thick”.
Van Dijk
Ethnicity
Content analysis into media representation of ethnic groups in the UK over a 10 year period.
Black people are sterotyped in the media in 5 ways abnormal a threat criminal unimportant dependant
Husband and Hartsman
Ethnicity
sees Black Afro-Caribbean people as “foreigners” and as “inferior”. The Media emphasises racial conflict and problems and presents negative images and stereotypes of ethnic minorities.
Children now - Fair play survey
Ethnicity
stereotyping of ethnic minorities within video games - 86% of heroes were White, 8 out of 10 black characters were portrayed as competitors in sports games and 86% of black female characters were portrayed as victims of violence.
Hall
Ethnicity changing
three basic representations of black people in the cinema and on TV. These were as natives, entertainers and slaves. He states that the media has shifted from displaying ‘overt racism’, to ‘Inferential Racism’.
Ethnicity is viewed ‘through the white eye’.
Barker
ethnicity changing
Barker points out that there are now a range of Asian and black characters that reflect the demographic of London more fairly than it used to. He states that it is important to note that ethnic minority characters also hold some significant roles and explains that they are given meaningful attention and stories.
Nayak
Ethnicity changes (hybridity)
Refers to young, working class, White males who adopt the language and style of ‘black culture’.
White youths listen to hip hop, gangsta-rap, wear of ‘bling’ and dress in a style associated with black males.
Gill
Ethnicity changes (hybridity)
emergence of new ethnic identities: ‘Blasians’ - Refers to Asian youths who adopt ‘black’ culture of rap etc and ‘Brasians’ - Refers to Asian youths who adopt a ‘White British’ culture when with peers e.g. Laddish culture.
Gauntlett (femininity)
Traditional femininity
female roles, a heavy importance is placed on appearance.
Ferguson
Traditional femininity
Content analysis on women’s magazines and found that the ‘cult of femininity’ was present.
Glascock
Traditional femininity
When portrayed as aggressive in the media, males were more physically aggressive, whereas females were more verbally aggressive.
Westwood
changing femininity
When portrayed as aggressive in the media, males were more physically aggressive, whereas females were more verbally aggressive.
Glascock
changing femininity
Now a range of femininity portrayed in the media such as ‘independent women’.
Gill
changing femininity
Within advertising, the depiction of women has changed from women as passive objects of the male gaze, to women being more active, independant and sexually powerful.
Masculinity traditional
Gauntlett
easthropre
Gauntlett (masculinity)
Masculinity traditional
in contemporary Hollywood films, despite male characters traditionally being portrayed as the heroes, they do now have a more sensitive, thoughtful and caring side.
found that female representations and characters have become ‘tougher’.
Easthope
Masculinity traditional
argues that a variety of media, transmits the view that masculinity based on strength, aggression, competition and violence is biologically determined and therefore, it is a natural goal for boys to achieve.
Masculinity changing
Nixon
Mort
Nixon
Masculinity changing
importance of the Levi’s ‘Laundrette’ advert - This saw the emergence of ‘the New Man.
Mort
Masculinity changing
Laundrette advert marked an increase and change in male consumption patterns - For the first time men were spending more time, money and effort on their appearance so there was a consumption increase in items such as toiletries and male beauty products.
Traditional upper class
Nairn
Nairn
Traditional upper class
Media representation of the monarchy - After WW11 the monarchy developed close ties with the media industry
represented in the media as a family that are ‘like us but not like us’
representations of royalty also reinforce a sense of national identity.
Traditional views of middleclass
Saunders
Mertens and D’Haennes
Leech
Saunders
Traditional views of middleclass
suggests that because the middle class are those with the highest disposable income, they use products to define them and show off their social class backgrounds through consumerism - ‘conspicuous consumption’.
Mertens and D’Haenens
Traditional views of middleclass
Digital divide in Brussels - Middle class used the social media for career development and knowledge, whereas the working class used it for entertainment.
traditional of the working class
Newman
devereux
Jones
Newman
Traditional working class
