Report 8 Flashcards
Although relatively small among the 17 megadiverse countries, the _____________ has the greatest concentration of unique species per unit area in the world
philippines
Philippines has more than __________ described species, half of which are endemic or found nowhere else on earth
52,177
The Philippines’s species are among the world’s top _____ in terms of endemism
10
In terms of terrestrial vertebrates, the Philippines is known to host _______ species of which_______ (or 50%) is endemic
1,238; 618
From 1997 to 2016, _____ species of wildlife fauna and ______ species of wildlife flora has been discovered
120; 170
also known as scientifically described species, they are species of organisms that have been formally documented and named by scientists according to established taxonomic rules and procedures
Described Species
Key criteria and steps in making a species a described species: (9)
Discovery and Collection
Taxonomic Study
Species Description
Type Specimen
Peer Review
Publication
Naming
Documentation
Verification
organisms naturally found in a specific geographic area or region and are not naturally found anywhere else in the world
endemic species
some key characteristics of endemic species include:
Geographical Restriction
Isolation
High Conservation Value
Biodiversity Hotspots
A large percentage of species in the Philippines are endemic.
tamaraw at 65% (terrestrial mammals)
philippine cockatoo at 36% (birds)
philippine crocodile at 69% (reptiles)
big-eyed frog at 81% (amphibians)
pitcher plant at 51% (flora)
One-third of the more than ________ vascular plant species native to the Philippines are endemic.
_________ in the hotspot is mostly concentrated at the species level.
There are no endemic plant families and 26 endemic genera
9,250; plant endemism
examples of endemic plants in the philippines:
ginger
palms
dipterocarps
orchids
begonias
pandans
Over _________ bird species found in the Philippines Hotspot About ________ of these are endemic (35 percent) and over _______ are threatened
Like other taxa, ______ exhibit a strong pattern of regional endemism
530; 185; 60; birds
The hotspot also has a single endemic bird family, the
Rhabdornithidae, represented by the Philippine creepers (Rhabdornis spp.)
birdlife international has identified seven endemic bird areas (EBAs) in these hotspots:
luzon
mindoro
negros
palawan
cebu
eastern visayas
mindanao
best-known bird species in the Philippines and is critically endangered.
the second-largest eagle in the world
philippine eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi)
other threatened endemic species:
negros bleeding heart (Gallicolumba keayi)
visayan wrinkled hornbill (Aceros waldeni)
scarlet-collared flowerpecker (Dicaeum retrocinctum)
philippine cockatoo (Cacatua haematuropygia)
at least ___________ mammal species are found in the Philippines Biodiversity Hotspot and over ______ of these are endemic (61 percent)
165: 100
the largest and most impressive of the mammals in the philippines is the critically endangered
tamaraw (Bubalus mindorensis), a dwarf water buffalo that lives onlu on Mindoro Island
Reptiles are represented by about _________ species, some ________ of which are endemic (68 percent)
235; 160
Six genera are endemic, including
snake genus Myersophis, which is represented by a single species, Myersophis alpestris, on Luzon
Philippine flying lizards from the genus Draco
considered the most threatened crocodilian in the world
Philippine crocodile (Crocodylus mindorensis)
There are nearly _______ amphibian species in the hotspot, almost ______ percent of which are endemic
90; 85
has special adaptations for gliding, including extra flaps of skin and webbing between fingers and toes to generate lift during glides
panther flying frog (Rhacophorus pardalis)
About _____ percent of the philippines nearly _______ recorded insect species are found only in this hotspot
70; 21,000
The Philippines has more than ______ inland fish, including nine endemic genera and more than _____ endemic species, many of which are confined to single lakes
280; 65
